What are the symptoms of corneal damage?

The cornea is an important part of the eye. When the cornea is damaged, it will directly affect people's vision and may even cause blindness in severe cases. The definition of corneal damage is very broad and could be a simple abrasion or a direct injury to the cornea. The clinical definition of the causes of corneal damage is very complex and requires the right treatment. What are the specific symptoms of corneal damage?

1. Corneal epithelial abrasion

There are obvious symptoms such as pain, photophobia and tearing, accompanied by decreased vision. The epithelial defect area is stained with fluorescein and may cause a smaller ulcer if infection occurs. Antibiotic eye ointment can be applied and then bandaged to promote epithelial healing.

2. Corneal contusion

The corneal stroma is edematous, thickened and cloudy, and the wrinkles of the posterior Descemet's membrane may be localized. It is caused by the rapid indentation of the cornea, the rupture of the endothelium and the elasticity of the cornea. Glucocorticoid eye drops can be prescribed, and mydriatic agents can be used if necessary.

3. Treatment options

For the treatment of abrasions, antibiotic eye ointment can be applied and then bandaged to promote epithelial healing. It usually takes 1-2 days to repair. When the abrasion affects the anterior elastic layer, the healing process will be slower. If the contusion extends to the stroma, it is a deep corneal contusion. The cornea is edematous, thickened and opaque at the injured site, and the Descemet's membrane is wrinkled, which is mostly caused by rapid invagination of the cornea and rupture of the endothelium and Descemet's membrane. Severe contusions can be treated with glucocorticoid eye drops, and mydriatics can be used when there is inflammation in the anterior chamber.

4. Medication safety

Corneal abrasions and contusions generally have a good prognosis if properly treated. However, if secondary infection occurs, corneal rupture occurs, and ocular contents prolapse, the prognosis is poor and vision is seriously affected. Therefore, during the diagnosis and treatment process, strictly follow aseptic operations, avoid rubbing the eyes with your hands, and never wipe the eyes with unsterilized handkerchiefs or tissues.