What is enema?

Enema is also a common treatment method. It uses a catheter to deliver some therapeutic liquid through the anus into the rectum and then into the colon. It can promote ventilation and defecation. It can soften and clear feces. It also has the effects of inducing labor and reducing fever, and has the effect of promoting the excretion of intestinal toxins. Enema is a treatment method that requires high operation requirements and must be performed in a hospital if necessary.

Purpose:

1. Stimulate intestinal peristalsis, relieve constipation, and eliminate intestinal flatulence; 2. Use low-temperature solutions to cool down patients with high fever; 3. Clean the intestines in preparation for certain operations, examinations or childbirth; 4. Dilute and remove harmful substances in the intestines to reduce poisoning.

Preparation

(1) The treatment tray should contain a set of enema tubes, anal tubes, vascular clamps, lubricants, and cotton swabs. (2) Outside the treatment tray, there should be toilet paper, rubber or plastic sheets, treatment towels, curved trays, toilet trays, toilet tray towels, infusion stands, water thermometers, and screens. (3) Enema solution: 0.1%~0.2% soap solution or normal saline solution is commonly used. The dosage for adults is 500ml~1000ml each time, and for children is 200~500ml each time. The solution temperature is 39~41 degrees Celsius, 28~32 degrees Celsius for cooling down, and 4 degrees Celsius for heatstroke. 2. The patient should be prepared to understand the purpose, process and precautions of enema, and cooperate with the operation. 3. Prepare the environment by closing doors and windows and using screens to block out the elements.

Procedure

(1) Prepare all the necessary supplies and bring them to the bedside. Explain to the patient how to urinate and instruct him to use a screen to cover his urination.

(2) The patient lies on his left side with his knees bent, exposing his buttocks. A treatment towel and a rubber sheet are placed under his buttocks, and a curved tray is placed beside his buttocks. Patients who cannot control their bowel movements can lie in the supine position with a toilet tray under their buttocks. Cover yourself with the quilt, leaving only your buttocks exposed.

(3) Hang the enema tube on the rack with the liquid level 40 to 60 cm above the anus, lubricate the anal canal, exhaust the air, and clamp the anal canal.

(4) Gently insert the anal tube into the rectum (7-10 cm for adults and 4-7 cm for children), loosen the clamp, and allow the solution to flow in slowly.

(5) Observe the infusion of liquid. If infusion is obstructed, move the anal canal slightly. If the patient feels the urge to defecate, lower the enema tube appropriately and ask the patient to take a deep breath.

(6) When the liquid is about to run out, clamp the rubber tube, wrap the anal canal with toilet paper, pull it out, put it in the curved tray, and wipe the anus clean. Ask the patient to lie down and retain stool for 5 to 10 minutes before defecation.

(7) Clean up the items and keep records, such as 1/E means one bowel movement after enema.