Genetics of Tourette Syndrome

There are many causes of tics, but there is no clear introduction yet. Because the factors that cause tics are different for different people, most of them are related to normal pathological causes. Patients with tics usually need to be diagnosed to know whether the disease is hereditary.

Pathological etiology

The causes of tics in children are not yet fully understood. It is believed that children with special qualities are prone to develop abnormal motor conditioned reflexes when they have various mental factors or imitate the actions of others.

Disease diagnosis

1. Tourette syndrome This syndrome is often characterized by multiple groups of muscle twitching, a variety of involuntary movements at the same time, and accompanied by involuntary glottal moans or swearing (obscene words). Therefore, the multiple tics and the accompanying obscene words are the characteristics of this syndrome.

2. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is completely different from the muscle twitching of tics, and is accompanied by attention deficit and impulsivity, so it is not difficult to distinguish.

3. Epilepsy Certain types of epilepsy, such as temporal lobe epilepsy, may cause movements such as lip smacking; myoclonic epilepsy has symptoms of local muscle twitching, but epilepsy is often paroxysmal, while tics are more frequent. Epileptic seizures are generally not under volitional control, whereas tics can be controlled by volition for a short period of time. Epilepsy often has impaired consciousness and special changes in the electroencephalogram, while tics do not have such changes.

4. Chorea This is caused by rheumatic lesions involving the extrapyramidal system, and there may be involuntary and unconscious movements of the limbs and face. In addition, there may be changes in body temperature, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and ASO. There was a streptococcal infection before the onset of the disease, which helps to differentiate it from tics.

Inspection method

Laboratory tests:

Routine examinations of blood, urine and stool were normal.

Other auxiliary examinations:

Electroencephalogram (EEG) and other examinations should be performed; some children may have abnormal patterns.

complication

It can cause psychological disorders such as inferiority complex, anxiety, and affect social interaction in children.