What diseases can blood tests detect?

When we go to the hospital for a physical examination, we often have blood tests, that is, routine blood tests. Routine blood tests can be used to check for many diseases, such as some infectious diseases and some progressive metabolic diseases. They all have a good examination effect. By checking the blood components and the cell status, we can have a general understanding of the disease. At this time, we can make a clearer diagnosis based on further examinations.

What diseases can blood tests detect?

Many diseases can affect blood composition, but blood tests cannot tell what disease you have. The following diseases can be found:

1. Infectious diseases:

Under normal circumstances, there are no bacteria in the blood. When there is a serious systemic infection, bacteria will multiply in large numbers in the blood. When bacteremia or even toxemia occurs, persistent high fever and chills may occur. At this time, pathogenic microorganisms can be cultured through blood drawing and culture. Many infectious diseases, such as syphilis and AIDS, can be detected through blood tests.

2. Metabolic diseases:

Many improper living habits can cause metabolic disorders of sugar, lipids, and proteins in the body. Diabetes, lipid abnormalities, hyperuricemia, etc. can be detected through indicators such as blood sugar, triglycerides, cholesterol, and uric acid.

3. Endocrine diseases:

The hypothalamus-pituitary gland stimulates target organs to release a variety of hormones into the blood, so the levels of hormones such as insulin and thyroxine can be detected by drawing blood. Under normal circumstances, they should be within the standard range, and exceeding the reference value often indicates an abnormal situation.

4. Blood system diseases:

For example, abnormally high white blood cell counts can be seen in leukemia, myeloproliferative diseases and malignant tumors. When white blood cells in the body proliferate malignantly, it will affect the normal hematopoiesis of the bone marrow and produce a large number of leukemia cells. Low red blood cells and hemoglobin can be seen in various pathological anemias.

5. Tumor diseases:

When different tissues and organs become cancerous, tumor cells synthesize or release their unique biological substances. Through tumor marker screening, early lesions of gastric cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and other tumors can be found. Although some indicators are not very sensitive and specific, they can still provide help for preliminary screening.

6. Liver and kidney diseases:

Abnormalities in renal metabolites such as creatinine and urea nitrogen can be used to detect problems with glomerular filtration function, allowing for further examination and diagnosis of kidney disease. When the liver is damaged, liver cells are destroyed and transaminases are released, leading to elevated transaminases in the blood, thus detecting liver disease.

7. Rheumatism and immune diseases:

When rheumatic immune system diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis occur, abnormalities can be detected through indicators such as autoantibodies, complement, and cytokine tests, which can help with diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment.