Treatment of nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a relatively common disease that seriously affects the patient's daily life. If we do not have the correct treatment method, it will be difficult to cure this disease. In order to help more people understand the folk remedies for treating nephrotic syndrome, this article introduces several common methods in detail. We hope that all patients can take the time to read it, which will be helpful to your health.

There are two common treatments for nephrotic syndrome, which can help patients get away from the effects of nephrotic syndrome more quickly and also allow patients to understand the causes of nephrotic syndrome. It is a better article about the disease for patients.

1. General symptomatic treatment

(1) Rest and activity: When nephrotic syndrome occurs, bed rest should be the main approach until the general condition improves. After the edema has basically subsided, you can do moderate activities in bed or bedside to prevent thrombosis in the limb blood vessels. After the condition has been basically relieved, activities can be gradually increased. Those who have been relieved for half a year without recurrence can consider increasing light indoor work and try to avoid various infections.

(2) Diet: Eat light, easily digestible food, consume 1-2g of salt per day, avoid pickled foods, and use less MSG and alkali. In the early and critical stages of the disease, a higher intake of high-quality protein should be given. 1-1.5 g/kg per day can help alleviate hypoproteinemia and the complications caused by it. For chronic non-polar nephrotic syndrome, protein intake should be appropriately limited to 0.8~1.0g/kg per day. The ideal energy supply is 30-35 kcal/kg body weight per day. Patients with severe hyperlipidemia should limit their lipid intake and adopt a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet. At the same time, pay attention to supplementing trace elements such as copper, iron, and zinc. During the application of hormones, appropriately supplement vitamins and calcium supplements.

2. Diuretic and detumescent treatment

(1) Thiazide diuretics: They mainly act on the thick-walled segment of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the anterior segment of the distal convoluted tubule, inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride and increasing potassium excretion to cause diuresis. The commonly used medication is hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg, orally 3 times a day. Long-term use should prevent hypokalemia and hyponatremia.

(2) Potassium-retaining diuretics: They mainly act on the posterior segment of the distal convoluted tubule, excreting sodium and chloride but retaining potassium. They are suitable for patients with hypokalemia. The diuretic effect is not significant when used alone, and it can be used in combination with thiazide diuretics. Commonly used medications include triamterene 50 mg, 3 times a day, or the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone 20 mg, 3 times a day. Hyperkalemia must be prevented during long-term use and it should be used with caution in patients with renal insufficiency.

(3) Loop diuretics: They mainly act on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and have a strong inhibitory effect on the reabsorption of sodium, chloride and potassium. Commonly used medications include furosemide (Lasix) 20-120 mg/d, or bumetanide (buturetanamine) 1-5 mg/d (40 times more potent than furosemide at the same dose), taken orally or intravenously in divided doses. The effect is better when it is given immediately after the use of osmotic diuretics. When using loop diuretics, caution must be exercised to prevent hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia-induced alkali poisoning.

In order to protect more friends around us, we hope that everyone will read more articles related to diseases in daily life. This will not only increase our knowledge of the world, but also be of great help in preventing the occurrence of diseases in our lives. The treatment of nephrotic syndrome is no exception. We need to communicate more with doctors and relax appropriately to ensure the effectiveness of treatment.