Essential thrombocythemia

Many people may not have heard of the dangers of this disease. In fact, essential thrombocythemia causes a large number of nuclear cells in the bone marrow cells to multiply, which will lead to the disorder of the internal environment, which may cause thrombosis. Recurrent bleeding episodes are normal for patients with primary thrombocythemia. If you want to know more details, please see below.

Although this disease is not common in our lives, it is helpful for us to learn more about the disease. At least it can provide some protection for ourselves. The following is detailed information.

Primary or idiopathic thrombocythemia is a type of myeloproliferative disorder. It is characterized by a significant increase in platelets in the peripheral blood with abnormal function, excessive proliferation of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, clinical spontaneous bleeding tendency and/or thrombosis, and about half of the patients have splenomegaly. Because this disease often has repeated bleeding, it is also called primary hemorrhagic thrombocythemia

Causes

This disease is also a clonal disease of pluripotent stem cells. The bleeding mechanism is that although the number of platelets is large, they have functional defects, such as decreased platelet adhesion and aggregation function, abnormal release function, decreased platelet factor III, and decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine. Some patients have abnormal coagulation function, such as a decrease in fibrinogen, prothrombin, factor V, and factor VIII, which may be caused by excessive consumption of coagulation factors. Since most of the disease occurs in elderly patients, it may be accompanied by vascular degenerative changes, which can easily lead to thrombosis, distal vascular infarction, and rupture and bleeding in the infarct area.

Due to excessive platelets, activated platelets produce thromboxane, which causes strong platelet aggregation and release reactions, forming microvascular embolism and further developing into thrombus.

In late-stage essential thrombocythemia, extramedullary hematopoiesis may occur in the liver and other organs.

complication

About 30% of patients have concurrent arterial or venous thrombosis. Limb veins are often involved. It can also occur in the liver, spleen, kidney, mesentery and portal vein. Patients with embolism in organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys may have corresponding clinical symptoms. 20% of cases have asymptomatic splenic infarction, resulting in spleen atrophy.

The above is an introduction to some knowledge about primary thrombocythemia. I believe that after reading it, you will have a better understanding of this disease. If we find that we are feeling unwell in our lives, we should go to a regular hospital for examination and treatment in time. This is how we are responsible for our own health.