Women will suffer from "dysfunctional uterine bleeding" during these two special periods

During adolescence and menopause, the body's "internal environment" is in a period of turbulence and chaos. The former is that some endocrine hormones "go from nothing to something" and "from little to much", and it is the period of life entering puberty, just like the rising sun, and the functions of the internal organs are thriving; while the latter is the opposite, some endocrine hormones "go from something to nothing" and "from much to little", and are in the decline stage, just like the setting sun, and all functional activities are in decline. For women, who make up "half the sky", menstruation begins after entering puberty; after menopause, menstruation, as a woman's lifelong companion, completes its historical mission and menopause begins. However, menstruation during these two periods does not occur regularly every month like in adulthood, and functional uterine bleeding (DUB) is very likely to occur.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in adolescence

Generally speaking, girls will start menstruating when they are around thirteen years old. In medicine, the first onset of menstruation is called menarche. During menarche, periods are very irregular. Sometimes the period comes twice a month, and sometimes it only comes once every few months.

Some girls may experience irregular menstrual cycles, with the time intervals between periods varying from longer to shorter. If it is short, menstruation will stop after only a few days; if it is long, there may be amenorrhea for several months. The amount of menstruation also varies greatly. When it is light, it drips continuously; when it is heavy, it is like a rush of water, and you may not even be able to get up, like a hemorrhage, and you can only lie in bed all day. Over time, anemia is likely to occur, affecting physical health, and in severe cases, even life-threatening. This pathological condition is called functional uterine bleeding in adolescence. Adolescent functional uterine bleeding, also known as adolescent functional uterine bleeding, is a common gynecological disease occurring in adolescent girls. The main reasons are endocrine disorders and imperfect hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian functions. There are many factors that affect ovarian function. Young girls are not mentally prepared for their first menstruation, nor do they have a correct understanding of it. They are overly nervous and fearful. Environmental changes, climate changes, and malnutrition can all affect ovarian function through the cerebral cortex. Because the ovarian function during adolescence is not perfect and ovulation often does not occur, functional uterine bleeding during adolescence is considered anovulatory functional uterine bleeding. There are many systemic diseases (such as liver disease, blood disease, etc.) that can affect uterine bleeding; negative emotional factors such as mental tension, fear, anxiety, etc. can also affect the menstrual cycle. Therefore, before diagnosing this disease, other diseases besides gynecological diseases must be ruled out, and a full physical examination, necessary laboratory tests and auxiliary examinations should be performed when necessary.

Prevention and treatment measures: When adolescent functional uterine bleeding is diagnosed, timely treatment should be given. The principles of treatment are to stop bleeding, reduce inflammation and adjust the menstrual cycle. Although general hemostatic drugs are effective, sex hormone drugs such as progesterone or estrogen have better hemostatic effects. After taking the medicine, don't think that everything is fine once the bleeding stops and stop taking the medicine. As a result, bleeding will occur again, and even artificial bleeding will occur, which is harmful to the body. The ovarian function of adolescents is immature, so artificial methods can be used to regulate the menstrual cycle in the first few months of menarche. If the amount of bleeding is heavy and continues, you should pay attention to rest, supplement nutrition, avoid excessive mental stress and physical fatigue, and keep warm to prevent cold. It is not advisable to swim, avoid prolonged exposure to the sun, travel, long-distance cycling, jogging, or dancing to avoid causing fatigue. It is also not advisable to eat spicy food and popsicles and cold drinks.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding during menopause

After entering menopause, ovarian function gradually declines. Generally speaking, after women reach the age of 45, their corpus luteum function begins to become insufficient and estrogen levels in their blood begin to decrease. At this time, the source and nature of estrogen in the blood also change. The estrogen in the blood is no longer mainly estradiol, but estrone formed by the conversion of adrenal androgen precursors (especially androstenedione) in peripheral tissues outside the adrenal glands. This conversion is twice as high in menopausal women as in younger women. In addition, the secretion of progesterone also stops. As a result, estrogen levels decrease significantly. At this time, the previously regular menstrual cycle begins to become disordered until amenorrhea occurs. This disorder is not only manifested in irregular menstrual cycles, such as menstruation occurring once every few months or twice a month; it is also manifested in changes in the amount of menstruation. Spotting is uterine bleeding due to the accumulation of a small amount of estrogen secreted by the adrenal glands over a long period of time, which results in the shedding of small pieces of proliferative endometrium. If the amount of bleeding is heavy, like a flush, it is caused by the shedding of large pieces of endometrium.

For the prevention and treatment of functional uterine bleeding during menopause, it is advisable to use "medroxyprogesterone acetate". The dosage and course of treatment should be determined by the doctor based on the patient's specific condition. One thing that needs to be explained is that the incidence of gynecological malignancies in women in the menopausal age group is relatively high. Therefore, for uterine bleeding occurring in this period, organic diseases should be excluded, and a diagnostic curettage should be performed if necessary, and the endometrial scrapings should be sent for pathological examination.