Sliding hiatal hernia

Hiatal hernia mainly refers to the abdominal viscera, here mainly refers to the stomach, which can enter the chest cavity through the insulated esophageal hiatus. The disease caused is called hiatal hernia, which is very harmful to patients. It is a gastroenterological disease with many causes, including congenital and acquired reasons. It must be treated in time to avoid greater impact and harm to patients.

Causes

1. Congenital factors of esophageal dysplasia. 2. The structure of the esophageal hiatus, such as muscle atrophy or weakened muscle tension. 3. Acquired factors that cause long-term increased abdominal pressure, such as pregnancy, ascites, chronic cough, habitual constipation, etc., can cause the stomach to herniate into the diaphragm and form a hiatal hernia. 4. Hiatal hernia after surgery, such as surgery on the upper stomach or cardia, which destroys the normal structure can also cause hernia. 5. Traumatic hiatal hernia.

Clinical manifestations

1. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms

Symptoms include a burning sensation behind the sternum or under the xiphoid process, nausea and vomiting of gastric contents, upper abdominal fullness, belching, and pain. The pain is usually burning or stabbing, and may radiate to the back, shoulders, neck, etc. Lying flat on your back, eating sweets, and acidic foods may trigger and aggravate symptoms. This symptom is particularly common in sliding hiatal hernia.

2. Complications

(1) Bleeding: Hiatal hernia may bleed sometimes, mainly due to esophagitis and hernial sac inflammation. Most of the bleeding is chronic and small amounts, which can cause anemia. Ulcers in the herniated stomach and intestines may cause vomiting of blood and black stools. (2) Reflux esophageal stenosis Among patients with reflux symptoms, a small number of them develop organic stenosis, resulting in symptoms such as dysphagia, dysphagia, and vomiting after eating. (3) Hernia sac incarceration is commonly seen in paraesophageal hernia. If a patient with hiatal hernia suddenly experiences severe upper abdominal pain accompanied by vomiting, is completely unable to swallow, or has heavy bleeding at the same time, it indicates acute incarceration.

3. Hernia sac compression symptoms

When the hernia sac is large and compresses the heart, lungs, and mediastinum, symptoms such as shortness of breath, palpitations, cough, and cyanosis may occur. When the esophagus is compressed, food may stagnate behind the sternum or cause difficulty swallowing.