What is the part above the throat?

The area above the throat is the tonsils. We know that the tonsils are an important immune organ in the human body. If there is a fever or some inflammation, it often leads to tonsillitis, which causes many symptoms. At this time, you must seek timely treatment, such as taking the anti-inflammatory drug amoxicillin, or taking ox-bile detoxification tablets. You should also eat a lighter diet in your daily life.

tonsil

The palatine tonsils are a pair of flat oval lymphoid organs located in the tonsillar fossa. Tonsillar fossa: a triangular depression in the lateral wall of the oropharynx between the palatopharyngeal and palatoglossal arches. The mucosal epithelium sinks into the substance to form a non-depressed pit, called the tonsillar pit. The anterior and lower part of the tonsil is covered by the palatoglossal arch, and the uncovered upper part is surrounded by the tonsillar capsule composed of connective tissue, which is connected to the pharyngeal muscles only by loose connective tissue. This is often the site of peritonsillar abscess formation. The pharyngeal lymphatic ring is composed of the palatine tonsils, pharyngeal tonsils, Eustachian tonsils, and lingual tonsils.

Function

The palatine tonsils are the largest, and the tonsils commonly referred to are the palatine tonsils. There is a pair of palatine tonsils, located between the lingual palatine arch and the pharyngeal palatine arch. They are oval in shape and covered with stratified squamous epithelium. The epithelium sinks into the tonsil to form 10 to 20 crypts, which contain desquamated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, and bacteria. Lymph nodules and diffuse lymphoid tissue are densely distributed beneath the epithelium and around the crypts. Lymphocytes often pass through the epithelium and deposit in the oropharynx. The tonsil capsule is a layer of dense connective tissue that separates the palatine tonsils from adjacent organs and acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of palatine tonsil infection.

Tonsils can produce lymphocytes and antibodies, so they have anti-bacterial and anti-viral defense functions. The pharynx is the only way for food and air to pass through and is prone to hiding germs and foreign objects if it is frequently touched. The rich lymphatic tissue and tonsils in the pharynx perform the task of defending and protecting this special area of ​​the body. However, this area is also susceptible to infection and invasion by bacteria such as hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci and pneumococci.

These bacteria are normally found in the crypts of the human pharynx and tonsils. Under normal circumstances, due to the integrity of the tonsil surface epithelium and the continuous secretion of mucous glands, bacteria can be discharged from the crypt opening along with the shed epithelial cells, thus maintaining the health of the body. When the body's resistance is reduced due to excessive fatigue, cold, etc., the epithelial defense function is weakened, and the glandular secretion function is reduced, the tonsils will be infected by bacteria and become inflamed. If tonsillitis recurs and has adverse effects on the whole body, surgical removal of the tonsils may be considered.