What are the three sex hormones?

The three sex hormone tests mainly include follicle-stimulating hormone and the other three tests. The sex hormone test can determine whether the patient's body pain has a normal level. Too high or too low is not good. It is best to do it on the 3rd to 5th day after the menstrual period. This time belongs to the early follicular stage and can well check the current state of the ovaries. The patient should be on an empty stomach during the examination so that the blood test will have the best effect.

The three sex hormones mainly include FSH:

Follicle-stimulating hormone. A hormone secreted by the alkaliphilic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. LH: luteinizing hormone. T: testosterone.

Sex hormone test time

The best time to check endocrine system is 3-5 days after menstruation. This period belongs to the early follicular stage and can reflect the functional status of the ovaries. However, for those who have not had their menstruation for a long time and are eager to know the test results, they can have the test at any time. The time will be taken as the time before menstruation, and the results will refer to the test results of the luteal phase.

The most accurate result is obtained by having a fasting blood test at 9 a.m. on the 3rd to 5th day after the onset of menstruation. For those who are infertile or have amenorrhea, or have not had menstruation for a long time, the examination can be done at any time, but it is best to do it on an empty stomach.

As long as men do not do strenuous exercise and lead a regular life, they can check at any time on an empty stomach between 8 and 11 a.m.

Clinical significance

Testosterone

1. Increased testosterone concentration: common in benign testicular interstitial cell tumors, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, true precocious puberty, male pseudohermaphroditism, female masculinizing tumors, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypercortisolism, use of gonadotropins, obesity and late pregnancy, the testosterone concentration in the blood can all increase.

2. Decreased testosterone concentration: Decreased testosterone levels can be seen in male sexual dysfunction, primary testicular dysgenesis, hyperprolactinemia, hypopituitarism, systemic lupus erythematosus, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, cryptorchidism, and gynecomastia.

Estradiol

1. During normal pregnancy, estradiol levels increase slightly and drop sharply after the placenta is delivered.

2. In abnormal twin or multiple pregnancies and in pregnant women with diabetes, estradiol levels are mostly elevated; estradiol levels are lower in patients with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension. If estradiol levels are particularly low, it indicates the possibility of intrauterine fetal death, which should be confirmed in combination with other examinations for timely treatment; estradiol levels are lower in anencephaly; in hydatidiform mole, estradiol levels are low, and the urinary estradiol level is only 1-12% of that in normal pregnancies.

3. Pathological causes of increased estradiol values ​​1) Ovarian diseases: Ovarian granulosa cell tumor, ovarian embryonal tumor, ovarian fat cell tumor, sex hormone-producing tumor, etc., all show ovarian hyperfunction and increased estradiol secretion. 2) Heart disease: myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, coronary artery stenosis. 3) Others: systemic lupus erythematosus, liver cirrhosis, and male obesity.

4. Pathological causes of decreased estradiol: 1) Ovarian diseases: ovarian absence or hypoplasia, primary ovarian failure, ovarian cysts. 2) Pituitary amenorrhea or infertility. 3) Others: hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, malignant tumors, large-scale infection, renal insufficiency, focal lesions of the brain and pituitary gland, etc. can all reduce plasma estradiol.