What are the common pathological types of lupus nephritis?

With the changes in living environment, the air and water pollution are now serious. Many people have dealt with nephritis, and many of them have suffered from lupus nephritis. So what are the common pathological types of lupus nephritis?

1. Normal glomerular type. This type is extremely rare, with no abnormalities in the glomerular tissue structure and no immune complex deposition.

2. Mesangial glomerulonephritis. The lesions were confined to the mesangial area, and no structural abnormalities or proliferation of mononuclear cells or mesangial cells were found under light microscopy. Under the electron microscope, electron-dense materials can be seen deposited together in the mesangial area, and the foot processes of the glomerular epithelial cells disappear segmentally. This type often lacks abnormalities of the renal tubules, interstitium, and blood vessels.

3. Focal segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis type. This type is common, accounting for about 30% of the total. Under the light microscope, it can be seen that on the basis of mesangial lesions, 60%-70% of the glomeruli are normal, and the diseased glomeruli show segmental cell proliferation accompanied by cell necrosis.

4. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis type. The most serious and most common, accounting for more than half of the cases, almost all glomeruli have severe changes under light microscopy, manifested as proliferation of endothelial cells and mesangial cells, and white blood cells will aggregate together. Most cells showed degenerative changes. This pattern may present with wire-wound lesions and hematoxylin bodies and often suggests the diagnosis of lupus nephritis.

5. Membranous lupus nephritis. This type is uncommon.

6. Glomerular sclerosis type. The lesions were mainly in the glomeruli, and no other lesions were seen.

7. Vascular abnormalities and tubulointerstitial inflammation. There are many types of vascular abnormalities, the most common of which are changes in hypertensive arteries and arterioles, mainly in arterioles and afferent arterioles. The manifestations are that plasma proteins begin to aggregate in the blood vessel walls, and endothelial cells begin to swell, become damaged, and become blocked. Renal interstitial inflammation is common, and tubular atrophy or necrosis often occurs.

The above is an introduction to the pathological types of lupus nephritis. Only after the pathological type of lupus nephritis is determined can we prescribe the right medicine, analyze the specific situation, and treat the specific symptoms. Finally, I wish you a speedy recovery.