What infectious diseases are there in spring?

The spring season when flowers bloom is actually also the season when many viruses breed. Therefore, various infectious diseases are prone to occur at this time, which will have a great impact on health. For example, common influenza, measles or chickenpox are all epidemic infectious diseases.

1. Flu (influenza)

Influenza, commonly known as flu, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. It is highly contagious and has a high chance of spreading.

Symptoms: fever, headache, runny nose, sore throat, dry cough, muscle and joint pain all over the body, etc. The fever usually lasts for 3-4 days, and may also manifest as more severe pneumonia or gastrointestinal influenza.

Sources of infection: influenza patients and asymptomatic carriers.

Transmission route: direct transmission through air droplets, indirect transmission through objects contaminated by the virus.

2. Meningococcal meningitis

Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, also known as meningococcal meningitis, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by meningococci.

Symptoms: runny nose, cough, headache, fever, etc. In severe cases, drowsiness, neck stiffness, projectile vomiting, coma, and shock.

Source of infection: patients with meningococcal meningitis or carriers.

Transmission route: direct transmission through airborne droplets.

3. Measles

Measles is an acute infectious disease caused by the measles virus and can usually be cured in about 10 days.

Symptoms: Can be summarized as “three, three, three”.

Prodromal period of 3 days: moderate fever of about 38 degrees appears 3 days before the rash appears, accompanied by cough, runny nose, tearing, photophobia, and grayish white spots appear on the buccal mucosa of the mouth (this is a characteristic); rash period of 3 days: the body temperature rises to about 40 degrees on the 4th-5th day of the disease, and red maculopapular rash starts from the head and gradually spreads to the trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs; recovery period of 3 days: 3-4 days after the rash appears, the body temperature gradually returns to normal, the rash begins to subside, and the skin remains with bran-like desquamation and brown pigmentation.

Transmission route: Transmission via respiratory droplets.

Source of infection: The patient is the only source of infection.

After the disease, people can acquire lasting immunity, and a second attack is extremely rare.

4. Chickenpox

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus.

Symptoms: Low to moderate fever, followed by the rapid appearance of red maculopapular rashes.

Transmission routes: air transmission, water transmission, food transmission, contact transmission, biological vector transmission, etc.