What causes knee pain?

People need to walk every day, and the knee, as a joint in the human body that bears a huge amount of weight, is very prone to some adverse conditions. Some elderly people experience knee pain due to their age and cannot walk normally. Some young people also feel knee pain due to excessive exercise. So, what exactly is causing knee pain?

There are several common injuries that can cause knee pain:

1. Fat pad strain The fat pad fills the gap in the front of the knee joint, which strengthens the joint stability and reduces friction. The cause of fat pad strain may be due to trauma or long-term friction that causes the fat pad to become congested, thickened and inflamed, and adhere to the patellar ligament, thereby limiting the movement of the knee joint. This type of injury often occurs in people over 30 who frequently walk, climb mountains, or squat. Patients will feel pain in the knee joint, which worsens when it is fully extended, but the joint movement is not restricted. Symptoms are obvious after exertion.

2. Meniscus injury Meniscus injury is a common injury among athletes. When the lower limbs are weight-bearing, the feet are fixed, and the knee joints are slightly flexed, if the knee is suddenly excessively internally rotated or externally extended (for example, in volleyball, when a player suddenly turns around and dives to save the ball while defending), it may cause a meniscus tear. Meniscus injury will cause an obvious tearing feeling in the knee, followed by joint pain, limited movement, and limping when walking. The joints show swelling and a feeling of slipping, and there is a popping sound when the joints move.

3. Traumatic synovitis of the knee The synovium of the knee is one of the main structures of the knee joint. Synovial cells secrete synovial fluid, which can keep the articular cartilage surface smooth and increase the range of joint motion. When the synovium is damaged due to trauma or excessive strain, a large amount of fluid will accumulate, increasing the pressure within the joint. If it is not eliminated in time, it can easily cause joint adhesion and affect normal activities. Patients will feel pain, swelling, tenderness in the knee joint, and a frictional and astringent sound in the synovium. The most obvious characteristic of pain is that when the knee joint is actively and extremely extended, especially when the knee extension movement is performed with a certain resistance, the pain below the patella will be aggravated, and the pain will also be significantly aggravated during passive extreme flexion.

4. Osteoarthritis of the knee is a disease that is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, mostly women. Excessive weight load is the main cause of disease. The knee joint will be swollen and painful, and sometimes there will be a friction sound when moving the joint. The knee may develop a varus deformity with medial pain.