What are the common drugs for treating epilepsy?

Nowadays, many patients often experience symptoms of epilepsy. Epilepsy is also called epilepsy and epilepsy. It is a common disease in normal times. It is mainly caused by abnormal brain radio wave radiation, which causes epilepsy attacks. Patients should pay attention to it in normal times and learn about some related common medications. However, they cannot buy them according to the type of medicine, because the suitable medicine for each person is different.

Drug treatment

1. Choose safe, effective, inexpensive and easily available drugs according to the type of epileptic seizure.

① For major seizures, use phenobarbital 90-300 mg/d. Sodium valproate 0.6-1.2/d, carbamazepine 600-1200mg/d, etc.

② Complex partial seizures: phenytoin sodium 0.2-0.6/d, carbamazepine 0.2-1.2/d.

③Absence seizure: clonazepam 5-25mg/d, diazepam 7.5-40mg/d.

④ Status epilepticus: Diazepam 10-20 mg/time intravenous injection is the first choice.

2. Start the drug dosage from the lower limit of the commonly used dose and gradually increase it until the seizure is ideally controlled without serious toxic side effects.

3. The frequency of dosing should be determined according to the characteristics of the drug and the characteristics of the attack.

4. Generally, the medication should not be changed or discontinued at will. The dosage can be gradually reduced and the medication can be stopped only after the epileptic seizures are completely controlled for 2-3 years and the EEG is normal.

5. Drug concentration should be monitored regularly and the dosage should be adjusted appropriately.

6. For epilepsy with a clear cause, in addition to effectively controlling the seizures, the primary disease should be actively treated.

7. For refractory epilepsy that is not responsive to drug treatment, stereotactic surgery can be used to destroy the areas in the brain related to epileptic seizures, anterior corpus callosotomy or chronic cerebellar stimulation.

8. Treatment of status epilepticus

(1) Active and effective control of convulsions: ① Diazepam, 10-20 mg for adults and 0.25-1 mg/kg for children, slowly injected intravenously until the convulsion stops. Subsequently, add 20-40 mg to glucose solution and drip intravenously at a rate of 10-20 mg per hour for 10-20 hours. The total daily amount should not exceed 120 mg. ② Amobarbital sodium: For adults, 0.5 g is dissolved in 10 ml of water for injection and slowly injected intravenously at a rate of 50-100 mg/min until the attack stops. Pay attention to changes in breathing and heartbeat during injection. After the seizures are controlled, anti-epileptic drugs should be continued through nasogastric feeding or by mouth.

(1) Dealing with complications: maintaining airway patency, using diuretics and dehydration to reduce cerebral edema, and correcting acidosis.