When should cystoscopy be performed?

Cystoscopy is a relatively common examination method. When some urinary system diseases, cystitis, bladder stones or prostate diseases occur, cystoscopy may be required. When doing cystoscopy, you must make sufficient preoperative preparations and strictly follow the relevant regulations. You must understand some precautions. For example, when the patient is in acute cystitis, cystoscopy cannot be performed.

When should cystoscopy be performed?

1. For diagnosis, the situation inside the bladder can be observed through the examination endoscope; a thin ureteral catheter can be inserted into the ureter to the renal pelvis through the ureteral catheter endoscope, and urine can be collected for routine examination and culture; indigo carmine solution can be injected intravenously to observe the blue discharge time of the ureters on both sides, and the renal function of both sides can be estimated separately (normally blue discharge occurs 5 to 10 minutes after injection); 12.5% ​​sodium iodide contrast agent is injected into the renal pelvis or ureter through the catheter, and retrograde pyelography is performed to understand the situation of the kidney, renal pelvis and ureter. 2. For treatment purposes, if there are bleeding spots or papilloma in the bladder, it can be treated with an electrocautery device through a cystoscope; stones in the bladder can be crushed with a lithotripter and then flushed out; small foreign bodies and diseased tissues in the bladder can be removed with foreign body forceps or biopsy forceps; if the ureteral orifice is narrow, it can be cut open with a scissors through a cystoscope (or dilated with a dilator).

Preoperative preparation

1. The cystoscope can be disinfected by steaming with 40% formalin (formaldehyde) solution for 20 minutes or soaking in 10% formalin solution for 20 minutes. The cystoscope should not be disinfected by boiling, alcohol, or 0.1% chlorhexidine immersion method to avoid damaging the cystoscope. 2. The operator should wash his hands, wear sterilized clothes and sterilized gloves. The principle of aseptic operation should be emphasized to avoid complications such as nosocomial urinary tract infection. 3. Prepare the patient Let the patient empty his bladder and assume the lithotomy position. Disinfect the vulva with soapy water, sterile saline and chlorhexidine solution. Lay a sterile towel to expose the urethral opening.

Precautions

Cystoscopy should be avoided in cases of acute cystitis. In addition to medical history and physical signs, the examination of acute cystitis requires a midstream urine test. There are pus cells and red blood cells in the urine. In order to provide timely treatment, a urine smear can be subjected to Gram staining to preliminarily determine the nature of the bacteria. At the same time, bacterial culture, colony counts and antibiotic sensitivity tests can be performed to provide a more accurate basis for future treatment. Increased white blood cells in the blood.