How to inject buttocks

Generally speaking, people with colds and fevers would choose to get an injection in the buttocks, which is safe and not that painful. Intramuscular injections are much more effective than oral medications. Once injected into the muscle, they can flow throughout the body with the blood. However, oral medications are difficult to swallow and can easily damage the spleen and stomach. When you are sick, your spleen and stomach are weak, and coupled with a bad stomach, taking medicine can easily cause vomiting and other uncomfortable symptoms.

Intramuscular injection

1. Definition

Intramuscular injection is a method of injecting a small amount of liquid medicine into muscle tissue, and is a commonly used treatment method in clinical practice. Muscle tissue has a rich capillary network. After the drug is injected into the muscle tissue, it can enter the blood circulation through the capillary walls and play a systemic therapeutic role.

2. Purpose

(1) It is used when intravenous injection is not suitable or possible, but the therapeutic effect is required to be more rapid than subcutaneous injection. Because muscle tissue is rich in capillaries and the capillaries are porous lipid membranes, drugs pass through them faster than through other biological membranes. Intramuscularly injected drugs are absorbed through capillaries by diffusion based on concentration and pressure gradients. However, the loose connective tissue and adipose tissue under the skin are not rich in capillaries, so the drug absorption capacity is poor. Therefore, intramuscular injection is faster than oral or subcutaneous injection, and the drug is absorbed faster and takes effect faster. When some drugs cannot be injected intravenously but require rapid effect, intramuscular injection can be used, such as Anluoxue, VitB1, etc.

(2) Drugs that are not suitable or cannot be taken orally need to take effect within a certain period of time. Some drugs are not absorbed orally, or their efficacy is easily destroyed by oral administration. For example, streptomycin can treat tuberculosis or infective endocarditis, but this drug is not absorbed when taken orally, so other treatment methods can only be used. Due to the high toxicity of streptomycin, it cannot be given quickly during treatment and can only reach an effective concentration within a certain period of time. Therefore, intramuscular injection is used. Similarly, for mild infections, 800,000 units of penicillin can be injected intramuscularly. Oral administration must never be used because the efficacy of the drug will be destroyed when taken orally.

(3) Used for injecting drugs with strong irritation or large dosage. The abundant capillaries in muscle tissue can absorb a large amount of drug solution, reducing the pressure on nerve endings after a large amount of drug enters the tissue. In addition, muscle tissue has fewer sensory endings and the pain is relatively mild. For example, 50% magnesium sulfate, 5 to 10 ml, is often injected intramuscularly to treat eclampsia and grand mal epileptic seizures. For some oily preparations (such as progesterone, testosterone) and suspensions (such as penicillin suspension), these liquid medicines are difficult to dilute and are highly irritating, so intramuscular injection should be used to reduce local irritation.

3. Location

Theoretically, any muscle tissue can be injected intramuscularly, but in practice, one should choose an area with more abundant muscles and farther away from large nerves and blood vessels. This option is safer and prevents nerve damage during intramuscular injection or injection of the drug into the blood vessels. Commonly used areas include the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, vastus lateralis and deltoid muscle of the upper arm. The most commonly used injection is into the gluteus maximus muscle.

(1) Gluteus maximus injection positioning method The gluteus maximus is the most superficial muscle of the buttocks. It is slightly quadrilateral, originating from the outside of the iliac wing and the back of the sacrum, and ending at the femoral trochanter. It is large and thick, and together with the subcutaneous fat tissue of the buttocks, it forms a convex buttocks shape. The upper deep surface of the gluteus maximus is the posterior part of the gluteus medius, and the deep surface of the gluteus medius is the gluteus minimus. The injection is done in the upper outer 1/4 of the buttocks, where the deep part is mainly muscle and there are no large blood vessels. But damage to the sciatic nerve must be avoided. The sciatic nerve originates from the sacral plexus, exits the pelvis from the piriform foramen to the buttocks, deep in the gluteus maximus, approximately between the sciatic tuberosity and the greater trochanter, and descends to the thigh at the midpoint. Therefore, avoid the internal angle when injecting to avoid damaging the sciatic nerve.