Anemia, black stools, chest tightness, nausea

Everyone's physical fitness is different. Some people have strong immunity, rarely catch colds or fevers, and are particularly healthy. However, some people have poor resistance and will get sick if they are not careful. A cold is a minor illness, and they may even have various symptoms such as anemia, black stools, chest tightness, nausea, etc. These symptoms correspond to different diseases and can only be diagnosed and treated through various examinations in the hospital.

What are the common symptoms of gastric bleeding?

1. Vomiting blood and/or black stools. It is a characteristic manifestation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients with bleeding above the pylorus often experience vomiting blood and black stools, while patients with bleeding below the pylorus may only experience black stools. However, lesions above the pylorus with a small amount of bleeding and a slow bleeding rate may only cause black stools, while lesions below the pylorus with a large amount of bleeding and a fast bleeding rate may cause vomiting of blood due to the reflux of blood into the stomach.

2. Hemorrhagic peripheral circulatory failure. Bleeding within 400ml may be asymptomatic, while moderate bleeding may cause anemia or progressive anemia, dizziness, weakness, and sudden standing up may cause syncope, thirst, cold limbs, and low blood pressure. Massive bleeding reaching 30% to 50% of the total blood volume can cause shock, which is manifested as irritability or confusion, pale complexion, cold and clammy limbs, cyanosis of the lips, difficulty breathing, blood pressure dropping to unmeasurable levels, decreased pulse pressure difference, and a rapid and weak pulse. If not handled properly, it can lead to death.

3. Azotemia.

4. Anemia and changes in blood count. After acute massive hemorrhage, there will be hemorrhagic anemia. In the early stage of bleeding, there may be no obvious changes in hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and hematocrit. Generally, it takes more than 3 to 4 hours for anemia to appear. After 2 to 5 hours of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the white blood cell count may increase significantly and return to normal 2 to 3 days after the bleeding stops. However, in patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism, the white blood cell count may not increase.

5. Fever. In cases of moderate or massive bleeding, fever occurs within 24 hours, mostly below 38.5 degrees, and lasts for several days to a week.

Best treatment for gastric bleeding

1. General treatment

In case of heavy bleeding, the patient should lie flat with the lower limbs raised and the head turned to the side to avoid suffocation caused by blood reflux when vomiting large amounts of blood. Oxygen inhalation and fasting should be adopted if necessary.

If the amount of gastric bleeding is small, you can eat some liquid food in moderation. However, if the patient has liver disease, some drugs cannot be used for gastric bleeding, and care should be strengthened, and a detailed record should be made of each symptom every hour.