Acute left heart failure

When mentioning the disease of acute left heart failure, many friends do not know what type of disease it is. In fact, acute left heart failure is a disease of incomplete heart function, and the clinical symptoms of this type of disease are very obvious. In addition to obvious breathing difficulties and even cyanosis of the lips, severe cases may even lead to coma and death. So what is the emergency care method for acute left heart failure?

In fact, diseases such as acute left heart failure are extremely harmful. In addition to increasing the load on our heart, it can also cause various discomfort symptoms in our lung circulation. Therefore, in addition to seeking medical treatment in time, we also need to learn daily first aid.

Overview of acute left heart failure

Acute left heart failure is the abbreviation of acute left ventricular insufficiency, which is characterized by a history of dyspnea after exertion or paroxysmal dyspnea at night, and may be caused by hypertension, pneumonia, excessive infusion, etc. The clinical manifestations include severe dyspnea, cyanosis, coughing up pink foamy sputum, being forced to sit, sweating, mild cyanosis of the lips, and bubbling sounds heard at the bases of both lungs. The condition is critical and can rapidly lead to cardiogenic shock and coma, leading to death.

It refers to a clinical syndrome caused by a significant decrease in myocardial contractility and/or a significant increase in cardiac load in a short period of time due to some reason, resulting in a sharp drop in cardiac output and a sharp increase in pulmonary circulation pressure.

Causes

Acute extensive anterior wall myocardial infarction, papillary muscle ischemia or infarction rupture, ventricular septal rupture and perforation. Hypertensive heart disease causes a sharp increase in blood pressure, rapid arrhythmia on the basis of the original heart, excessive and rapid infusion, etc. Infective endocarditis causes valvular perforation and chordae tendineae rupture, leading to acute mitral regurgitation.

First aid treatment

[1] For rapid digitalization, intravenous digoxin or cedilanidase can be used. If it is uncertain whether digitalis has been used recently, cedilanidase 0.01 mg/kg can be used. [2] Diuretics can be treated with furosemide or intravenous injection of uric acid to promote the excretion of sodium and water and eliminate edema. [3] Sedation: When children are extremely agitated, morphine 0.1 mg/kg per time, injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly, is the first choice. This drug has the effect of inhibiting the overexcited respiratory center, which can relieve breathing difficulties, increase peripheral blood volume, and reduce venous return. [4] For oxygen inhalation, put 50-60% alcohol in a glass bottle and inhale oxygen for 10-20 minutes each time, with an interval of 15-30 minutes. Repeat 1-2 times. This can cause the bubbles in the alveoli to rupture due to reduced surface tension, increase the contact area between the gas and the alveolar wall, and improve gas exchange. [5] To reduce venous return, the child should adopt a semi-recumbent or sitting position with the legs hanging down to reduce the amount of venous blood returning to the heart. In severe cases, an arm band can be used to restrain three limbs at the same time, with the pressure maintained between the systolic and diastolic pressures. Every 15 minutes, the arm band of one limb should be relaxed for 15 minutes and then the unbound limb should be restrained. [6] Adrenal cortical hormones have cardiotonic, anti-aldosterone and anti-diuretic effects and can be used for a short period of time. Dexamethasone 2.5-5 mg/d or hydrocortisone 5-10 mg/kg added to 10% glucose solution and slowly dripped intravenously. Stop taking it once heart failure is controlled.

Everyone has already learned about the causes of acute left heart failure and its emergency treatment methods. In fact, the harmfulness of acute left heart failure is unquestionable. Therefore, if various discomfort symptoms occur, such as heart discomfort, coughing up pink foamy sputum, etc., the best way is to seek medical attention and examination in time, otherwise it will easily lead to worsening of the condition and cause irreversible consequences.