Diagnosis of diabetes: how to tell if you have diabetes

If you want to determine whether a patient has diabetes, you must test the glucose concentration in his blood. When testing, you must go to a regular hospital for testing to reduce unnecessary errors.

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To diagnose diabetes, it is necessary to check the glucose level in the blood. Urine testing can only assist in the diagnosis of diabetes. The presence of sugar in urine is an important clue for diagnosing diabetes, but glucosuria due to a lowered renal glucose threshold must be excluded.

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A positive urine sugar test does not mean diabetes. Diabetes was originally named because of the presence of sugar in the urine, hence the name "diabetes". In fact, sugar can appear in the urine in many cases, the most common of which are:

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Renal diabetes: In a normal person, about 100 mg of sugar is excreted from the kidneys every minute, but it is reabsorbed by the kidneys and enters the blood circulation. Therefore, there is no sugar in the urine of a normal person. When the kidneys are diseased, such as suffering from chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, senile kidney disease and other diseases, the kidney's reabsorption ability will decrease, and diabetes will occur.

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Neurogenic diabetes: Certain diseases, such as shock, trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, etc., put the human body in a state of stress, causing neuro-endocrine disorders, massive decomposition of glycogen, increased blood sugar concentration, and diabetes.

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Drug-induced diabetes: Long-term use of hormones, such as glucocorticoids (fat-making drugs), morphine, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, etc., can cause diabetes in some people.

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Gestational diabetes: During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, pregnant women secrete more lactose due to active breast function. Pregnancy also reduces the kidneys' ability to reabsorb glucose, which may cause elevated blood sugar levels and increased urine sugar in pregnant women, leading to positive urine sugar tests.

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Dietary diabetes: When people consume a large amount of sugar from food, sugar can be detected in the urine. For example, patients with hyperthyroidism or autonomic nervous system dysfunction may experience a rapid rise in blood sugar levels because their intestines absorb sugar in food too quickly, and the sugar is excreted from the body through the kidneys.

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From this we can see that the presence of sugar in the urine does not necessarily mean diabetes. If sugar is present in the urine, a comprehensive analysis should be conducted in combination with blood sugar concentration and clinical manifestations before a correct judgment can be made.