What are the cephalosporin anti-inflammatory drugs?

As the name suggests, cephalosporin anti-inflammatory drugs are a common anti-inflammatory drug and are currently widely used in clinical practice. This type of anti-inflammatory drug has the characteristics of being suitable for various parts of the body, having small allergic reaction symptoms, a relatively wide antibacterial range, and stable efficacy. The main effects are anti-inflammatory and analgesic, clearing away heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling, preventing wound infection, etc. However, when taking this medicine, you should be especially careful not to drink alcohol.

Cephalosporins are widely used in clinical practice, but many people do not know how to choose them, or do not know at all who are suitable for this type of drug. They only know that it is good for anti-inflammatory purposes. Some store clerks directly recommend third or fourth generation cephalosporins to patients as long as they want to buy anti-inflammatory drugs. Is this really a good idea?

(1) Commonly used first-generation cephalosporins include cephalexin, cefradine, cefadroxil, and cefazolin. It has antibacterial effect on Gram-positive bacterial infections, including drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (abbreviated as S. aureus) and penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Oral cephalexin, cefadroxil, and cephradine are mainly used for mild to moderate respiratory tract infections (such as acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchus), urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint and gynecological infections. Cefazolin for injection is widely used for moderate infections and severe infections with sensitive bacteria.

(2) Commonly used second-generation cephalosporins include cefuroxime, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cefaclor, and cefprozil. It has a strong antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive cocci and influenza bacilli (because the second-generation cephalosporin has antibacterial effects on a variety of bacteria such as Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, it is called a broad-spectrum antibiotic). It is commonly used to treat respiratory tract, biliary tract, intestinal tract, urinary tract and soft tissue, bone and joint, and gynecological infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter, Haemophilus influenzae, gonococci, meningococci, Salmonella, Shigella, etc. The most commonly used one is cefuroxime, and the most commonly used one is cefaclor.

(3) Commonly used third-generation cephalosporins include ceftriaxone, cefdinir, cefixime, ceftizoxime, cefoperazone, and ceftriaxone. It has a strong antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria that are severely resistant or even life-threatening. It is used for severe infections such as sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, pelvic inflammatory disease and urinary tract infections; it is the first choice drug for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.

(4) Commonly used fourth-generation cephalosporins include cefepime and cefpirome. The antibacterial spectrum and antibacterial activity are similar to those of the third-generation cephalosporins, but the antibacterial spectrum has been further expanded. It has strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus (except Enterococcus). It is stable to β-lactamase and is mainly used clinically for various serious infections such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, biliary tract infections, sepsis, etc.

(5) Fifth-generation cephalosporins such as cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, etc. Because the fifth-generation cephalosporin is rarely used in daily life and is expensive, I will not introduce it in detail. In general, each generation of cephalosporins is more stable against β-lactamases; each generation is less toxic to the kidneys; the first three generations of cephalosporins have lower antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but their antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria is stronger; the fourth generation of cephalosporins has stronger antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Both the third and fourth generation can penetrate the cerebrospinal fluid. In our daily life, general inflammation only requires oral administration of 1-2 generation cephalosporin antibiotics. Only when oral administration cannot control the disease or the effect is poor will we use antibiotics of the 3rd generation or better. Finally, a warm reminder: injectable cephalosporin antibiotics must undergo drug sensitivity testing, and oral cephalosporin antibiotics must inquire about the history of allergy to this type of drug.