Two-year-old baby has white spots on his face

Some parents may feel that their two-year-old baby has white spots on his face, and the spots will become more and more, with a tendency to spread. However, they basically do not feel any itching. Only occasionally when the skin is hot, a little itching will occur. These white spots may also appear on the limbs. In this case, detailed treatment is needed. If it is caused by vitiligo, the treatment time will be longer.

In the early stage of vitiligo, the white spots are slightly depigmented and the boundary with the surrounding normal skin is unclear. If this happens to people with fair skin, it is often difficult to make a timely diagnosis. Carefully observe whether the surface of the white spots is smooth and free of dandruff. The white spots are pale white or milky white. If the boundary is unclear or spreads toward the normal skin, it may be vitiligo, which often manifests with the following main symptoms:

1. There is usually no itching, or even if there is itching it is very mild.

2. The number of depigmented spots is small, usually only 1-2, and most of them appear on exposed skin.

3. Except for the loss of pigmentation, the skin at the depigmented area is the same as the surrounding skin, without any changes such as itching, desquamation or atrophy.

4. Early vitiligo should be considered first when there are no other skin diseases.

Disease characteristics

Medical conditions

The earliest onset of vitiligo in children is at birth. Those who develop the disease before the age of 10 account for about 15% of the total number of vitiligo patients. There are significantly more female children than male children.

Predisposing factors

The positive rate of family history in children is relatively high, and there is often a history of premature birth in their families, which shows the important role of genetic factors in the onset of vitiligo in children. Some children have skin lesions in areas susceptible to trauma such as the knees, elbows, forearms, hands and feet, suggesting that trauma may be a predisposing factor for the onset of vitiligo in children.

Skin lesion area

The skin lesions of vitiligo in children are located on the head and neck in about 50%, on the lower limbs in about 28%, on the trunk in about 18%, and on the perineum in about 6%. The first sites discovered are often the external genitalia and perianal area. The initial skin lesions are often located at the knees, elbows, forearms, hands, heels and other areas susceptible to trauma.

Distribution of skin lesions

Children with generalized skin lesions account for 33% to 42% of the total number of children with the disease, those with dermatomal distribution account for 17% to 9%, and those with localized and sporadic lesions account for 30% to 50%. There is evidence that about 41.3% of children with stage-type vitiligo are younger than 10 years old.

Changes in condition

The age at which skin lesions first occur has little impact on the severity of vitiligo. Since children with vitiligo are mostly in a stage of stable condition, most children with segmental vitiligo recover one year after onset.