Baby's body is covered with red spots

Eczema is a common symptom in babies. Almost all infants and young children will suffer from eczema. Mothers should be vigilant from the beginning of eczema. Moreover, eczema will become more and more severe after a few days, until it appears on the body and buttocks, and some areas are particularly serious. The baby was so itchy and kept scratching. Children's skin is not fully developed and is very fragile. It will break if you use the slightest force. Not only that, the baby suffers and the family members are also uneasy, so let’s understand the connection between the red spots on the baby’s body and eczema!

1. Eczema is a skin inflammatory reaction with severe itching caused by a variety of internal and external factors. It is divided into three stages: acute, subacute and chronic. The acute phase has an exudative tendency, while the chronic phase has infiltration and hypertrophy. Some patients directly present with chronic eczema. The skin lesions are characterized by polymorphism, symmetry, itching and easy recurrence. 2. Common symptoms: The skin lesions are polymorphic, mainly erythema, papules, and papulovesicles, with severe itching. 3. Etiology The etiology of eczema is complex and is often the result of the interaction of internal and external factors. Internal factors such as chronic digestive system diseases, mental stress, insomnia, excessive fatigue, mood changes, endocrine disorders, infections, metabolic disorders, etc., and external factors such as living environment, climate change, food, etc. can all affect the occurrence of eczema. External stimuli such as sunlight, cold, dryness, heat, hot water washing, various animal furs, plants, cosmetics, soaps, artificial fibers, etc. can all induce it. It is a delayed allergic reaction caused by complex internal and external factors. IV. Clinical manifestations 1. According to the manifestation of skin lesions, it is divided into three stages: acute, subacute and chronic. (1) Acute eczema lesions initially appear as numerous densely packed millet-sized papules, papulovesicles or small blisters with a flushed base that gradually merge into patches. Due to scratching, the tops of the papules, papulovesicles or blisters may be scratched to reveal obvious punctate exudation and small erosive surfaces with unclear edges. If secondary infection occurs, the inflammation will be more obvious and may form pustules, pus scabs, folliculitis, furuncles, etc. Conscious severe itching. It often occurs on the head, face, behind the ears, distal limbs, scrotum, and perianal area, and is often distributed symmetrically. (2) Subacute eczema After the inflammation of acute eczema is alleviated, the skin lesions are mainly small papules, scabs and scales, with only a small amount of papulovesicles and erosions. Still have severe itching. (3) Chronic eczema often turns into chronic eczema due to repeated attacks of acute or subacute eczema. It may also start as chronic eczema. The symptoms include thickening and infiltration of the skin in the affected area, brown-red or pigmentation, rough surface, scaling, or scabs due to scratching. Conscious itching. It is commonly found in the calves, hands, feet, elbows, popliteal fossa, vulva, and anus. The course of the disease is uncertain, prone to relapse, and difficult to heal. 2. According to the scope of skin lesions, it is divided into two categories: localized eczema and generalized eczema. (1) Localized eczema occurs only in specific parts of the body and can be named according to the part of the body, such as hand eczema, vulvar eczema, scrotal eczema, ear eczema, breast eczema, perianal eczema, and calf eczema. (2) Generalized eczema has multiple lesions that spread or scatter to multiple parts of the body. Such as nummular eczema, autosensitive eczema, and xerotic eczema.

5. Diagnosis is mainly based on medical history, rash morphology and course of disease. The skin lesions of eczema are generally polymorphic, mainly composed of erythema, papules, and papulovesicles. The rash is obvious in the center and gradually spreads to the surrounding areas. The boundaries are unclear, diffuse, and there is a tendency to exudate. Chronic cases will show infiltration and hypertrophy. The course of the disease is irregular, with recurrent attacks and severe itching. 6. The causes of eczema are complex, and it is easy to relapse even after improvement, making it difficult to cure. Because the clinical morphology and location are unique, the medication varies from person to person. 1. General principles of prevention and treatment: Look for possible causes, such as work environment, living habits, diet, hobbies, thoughts and emotions, as well as the presence or absence of chronic lesions and visceral organ diseases. 2. Internal therapy: Use antihistamines to relieve itching. If necessary, use two together or alternately. Generalized eczema can be treated with oral or injected corticosteroids, but they should not be used for a long time. 3. Topical therapy: Choose appropriate dosage form and medicine according to the condition of skin lesions. For acute eczema, local washing and wet compresses with normal saline, 3% boric acid or 1:2000-1:10000 potassium permanganate solution, and calamine lotion for astringency and protection. Subacute and chronic eczema should be treated with appropriate glucocorticoid creams, tar preparations or immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus ointment and pimecrolimus ointment. Add antibiotic preparations for secondary infection.

7. Prevention 1. Avoid possible risk factors. 2. Avoid all kinds of external stimulation, such as hot water washing, excessive scratching, washing and contact with potentially sensitive substances such as fur preparations. Avoid contact with products containing chemical ingredients, such as soap, laundry detergent, and dishwashing liquid. 3. Avoid foods that may cause allergies and irritation, such as chili peppers, strong tea, coffee, and alcohol. 4. Use the medicine under the guidance of a professional physician and avoid using it indiscriminately.

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