Metformin for polycystic ovary

The main effect of metformin in normal times is to improve the already serious gastrointestinal function, promote metabolism, and also achieve the effect of lowering blood sugar. However, this drug itself does not have the corresponding therapeutic effect on polycystic ovary syndrome. Therefore, for polycystic ovary syndrome, it is more important to find some prescriptions that are suitable for your condition.

Metformin (1) Metformin tablets are the first choice for type 2 diabetes that has not responded to simple diet control and physical exercise, especially type 2 diabetes caused by obesity. (2) This product can be used in combination with insulin to reduce insulin dosage and prevent hypoglycemia. (3) It can be used in combination with sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs to produce a synergistic effect.

Pharmacological Action

This product is a biguanide oral hypoglycemic drug. It has multiple mechanisms of action, including delaying the uptake of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract, increasing peripheral glucose utilization by improving insulin sensitivity, and inhibiting excessive gluconeogenesis in the liver and kidneys. This product does not lower blood sugar levels in non-diabetic patients. Patients usually lose weight during medication, and plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and pre-β-lipoprotein levels can be reduced, and peripheral glucose metabolism can be improved.

Hypoglycemic effect: This product has an accurate hypoglycemic effect and has no hypoglycemic reaction compared with sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs. It is effective for both obese and non-obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. For those who do not respond to simple dietary treatment, this product can be used alone to reduce their basal blood glucose concentration by ≥20% (generally 2mmol/L or 36mg/dl). It can improve oral or intravenous glucose tolerance test. Its hypoglycemic effect is unrelated to blood glucose concentration before medication, age, disease duration, body weight and basal insulin level. It is often used in combination with sulfonylureas for patients who cannot satisfactorily control their condition with sulfonylureas alone. The combined use can lower blood glucose by more than 20% compared with sulfonylureas alone. Combination with insulin can reduce insulin dosage.

Hypoglycemic mechanism: ① The hypoglycemic mechanism of this product is different from that of sulfonylureas. It does not stimulate insulin secretion. Its hypoglycemic effect is mainly to increase the anaerobic glycolysis of sugar in the surrounding tissues and increase the utilization of sugar. The main site of this effect is in the small intestine. Animal experiments have confirmed that this product can increase anaerobic glycolysis in the small intestine and increase the utilization of sugar in the jejunum by 20%.

② Inhibit hepatic glycogenolysis, which reduces basal blood sugar and lowers basal hepatic glucose output due to reduced glycogenolysis.

③ By increasing the binding of insulin to insulin receptors, it increases the blood sugar clearance effect of insulin. Since insulin resistance is a characteristic of NIDDM, this product improves the sensitivity of NIDDM patients to insulin by increasing the receptor binding sites of those with reduced insulin receptors and increasing the number of low-affinity binding sites. Animal experiments have shown that this product also has post-receptor effects, increasing insulin-stimulated glycogen production, increasing insulin receptor phosphorylation and increasing tyrosine kinase activity.