Causes of low sperm count in men

Male asthenospermia and oligospermia are relatively common male diseases, which refers to poor sperm motility and a sperm count that is less than the standard value. This is also an important cause of male infertility. When the sperm count is too low to a certain extent, the woman cannot conceive successfully. There are many causes of male asthenospermia and oligospermia, which are related to some reproductive system infections and may also be due to the individual's own development.

Causes of low sperm count in men

Oligospermia and asthenozoospermia are mainly caused by the following causes:

① Inflammation of organs such as the epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate causes seminal plasma mutations, affecting sperm activity and survival.

② Varicocele: local testicle hypoxia due to venous blood reflux obstruction, resulting in reduced sperm motility.

③ Lack of trace elements affects sperm motility.

④ Testicular development is hindered, the testicular spermatogenic epithelium is incompletely mature or damaged and thinned, resulting in poor sperm quality and weakened motility.

⑤Insufficient semen volume affects sperm activity.

⑥ Anti-sperm antibodies are produced in the body, causing sperm to agglutinate or brake. Idiopathic sperm reduction, gonadotropin deficiency, insufficient ketone secretion, and hypogonadism affect spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubule epithelium and support cells in providing nutrition to sperm cells at all levels. Long-term, high-volume injections of androgens reduce the amount of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus and the secretion of gonadotropin, leading to a temporary decrease or disappearance of sperm[1]. Chromosomal abnormalities and chromosomal aberrations, especially sex chromosome aberrations, have serious effects on sperm density, motility, forward motility and morphology. Therefore, chromosome analysis should be performed on those with sperm density below 10 million/ml.

Autoimmunity. Autoimmunity can cause oligospermia in two ways: ① Autoimmunity affects spermatogenesis and causes reproductive cells to fall off; ② The autoimmune process of the rete testis and epididymis can cause the blockage of sperm output. In the treatment of oligospermia and asthenozoospermia, the focus should be on identifying the cause, and then symptomatic treatment should be given based on the cause. If it is caused by varicocele, timely surgical treatment is required. If it is inflammation of the reproductive organs, the inflammation should be actively eliminated. If it is a lack of certain nutrients, it should be supplemented in time. If it is caused by endocrine factors, endocrine treatment should be performed. In short, only by finding out the cause and symptomatic treatment can oligospermia and asthenospermia be cured. As for oligospermia and asthenozoospermia, traditional Chinese medicine believes that it is mainly caused by dysfunction of the kidneys, liver and spleen. The kidneys store sperm and are responsible for reproduction. Kidney deficiency can lead to spermatogenesis dysfunction, which may result in impotence, anejaculation, few sperm, weak sperm, and dead sperm. The kidneys store essence and the liver stores blood. The liver and kidneys have the same origin and essence and blood are mutually generated. The liver meridian connects to the genitals. If the liver yin is deficient, the essence will be low. If the liver meridian is damp and hot, the essence will be damaged and there will be no children. Therefore, treatment should be based on syndrome differentiation, with addition and subtraction of medicine according to symptoms, treating both the symptoms and the root cause, and combining attack and supplementation.

The harm of the disease: Oligospermia is one of the causes of male infertility. The chance of a woman getting pregnant due to oligospermia is relatively small, but it is not completely impossible. If the sperm count is low but the quality is exceptionally good, fertility is still possible. Of course, if the sperm count is small and the quality is poor, it will be difficult to have children. In general, the pregnancy rate of the wife of a man with oligospermia is very low. Therefore, if oligospermia is discovered, timely and effective treatment is required. (1) Affects conception. Men suffering from oligospermia and asthenospermia will have their fertility affected, but it does not mean that they cannot have children. Some patients have more severe asthenospermia, while others have less severe asthenospermia. Therefore, in many cases, even if the man has asthenospermia, the woman can still get pregnant successfully, but such conception still involves certain risks. (2) Impact on eugenics and good parenting. Eugenics is usually referred to as the combination of the best sperm and egg, but it is not easy for patients with asthenospermia to achieve eugenics. (3) Can easily lead to premature birth or miscarriage. Many pregnant women will experience premature birth or miscarriage during pregnancy, which may be caused by insufficient sperm quality, so sufficient attention should be paid to asthenospermia.

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