Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a relatively serious disease. Many factors may cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially for patients with cirrhosis, who are more prone to upper gastrointestinal bleeding. In addition, if the esophagus, stomach, etc. are damaged, it will also cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Moreover, if upper gastrointestinal bleeding is not treated in time, it will directly affect the patient's life.

Since the harm of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is so serious, in order for people to detect upper gastrointestinal bleeding diseases in time, I first hope that everyone can have a comprehensive understanding of the symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding diseases, so that they can detect upper gastrointestinal bleeding diseases in time.

1. Vomiting blood and/or black stools

It is a characteristic manifestation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients with bleeding above the pylorus often experience vomiting blood and black stools, while patients with bleeding below the pylorus may only experience black stools. However, lesions above the pylorus with a small amount of bleeding and a slow bleeding rate may only cause black stools, while lesions below the pylorus with a large amount of bleeding and a fast bleeding rate may cause vomiting of blood due to the reflux of blood into the stomach.

2. Hemorrhagic peripheral circulatory failure

Bleeding within 400ml may be asymptomatic, while moderate bleeding may cause anemia or progressive anemia, dizziness, weakness, and sudden standing up may cause syncope, thirst, cold limbs, and low blood pressure. Massive bleeding reaching 30% to 50% of the total blood volume can cause shock, which is manifested as irritability or confusion, pale complexion, cold and clammy limbs, cyanosis of the lips, difficulty breathing, blood pressure dropping to unmeasurable levels, decreased pulse pressure difference, and a rapid and weak pulse. If not handled properly, it can lead to death.

3. Azotemia

4. Anemia and blood picture changes

After acute massive hemorrhage, there will be hemorrhagic anemia. In the early stage of bleeding, there may be no obvious changes in hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and hematocrit. Generally, it takes more than 3 to 4 hours for anemia to appear. After 2 to 5 hours of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the white blood cell count may increase significantly and return to normal 2 to 3 days after the bleeding stops. However, in patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism, the white blood cell count may not increase.

5. Fever

In cases of moderate or massive bleeding, fever occurs within 24 hours, mostly below 38.5 degrees, and lasts for several days to a week.

After understanding the symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, if you experience similar symptoms as mentioned above, please do not ignore it. The most important thing is to go directly to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment. Especially when the symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are more obvious, you must stop the bleeding in time to avoid upper gastrointestinal bleeding endangering your life.