Urethra opening hurts

Women's vaginal opening is naturally shorter and closer to the urethral opening and anus. If you don't pay attention to hygiene, it will cause infection. Sometimes you may feel pain when wiping with toilet paper while urinating. This is mostly caused by urinary tract infection. This disease is more common in women and less common in men. This article introduces the causes and related content of urinary tract infection in women. Let’s take a look.

It could be a urinary tract infection.

Overview of Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection is caused by direct invasion of bacteria (rarely by fungi, protozoa, and viruses). Urinary tract infection is divided into upper urinary tract infection and lower urinary tract infection. Upper urinary tract infection refers to pyelonephritis, and lower urinary tract infection includes urethritis and cystitis. Pyelonephritis is divided into acute pyelonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis. It is more common in women.

Causes of Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection is caused by direct invasion of bacteria (rarely by fungi, protozoa, and viruses).

Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms

1. Acute pyelonephritis: 1. Sudden onset; 2. Chills and fear of cold; 3. Fever; 4. General malaise, headache, fatigue; 5. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting; 6. Frequent urination, urgency, and pain during urination; 7. Low back pain and discomfort in the kidney area; 8. Tenderness at the upper ureter point; 9. Tenderness at the ribs and waist points; 10. Percussion pain in the kidney area; 11. Tenderness in the bladder area;

2. Chronic pyelonephritis: 1. The symptoms of acute attack may be the same as those of acute pyelonephritis, but are usually much milder, and may even lack fever, malaise, headache and other systemic manifestations, and symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency and pain are not obvious; 2. Edema; 3. Hypertension;

3. Bladder and urethritis: frequent urination, urgency, pain when urinating, and pain in the bladder area. Urinary discharge.

What tests are needed for urinary tract infection

1. Tenderness in the ribs and waist, and percussion pain in the kidney area;

2. Urinalysis: increased leukocytosis and pyuria in urine;

3. Stain the urine sediment smear to find bacteria;

4. Urine bacterial culture found bacteria;

5. If the urine colony count is >105/ml, and there are symptoms such as frequent urination, >102/ml is also meaningful; for cocci, 103-104/ml is also of diagnostic significance;

6. One-hour urine sediment count of white blood cells> 200,000;

7. Routine blood test showed elevated white blood cells and left shift of neutrophil nuclei;

8. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases;

Urinary Tract Infection Treatment

1. Symptomatic supportive treatment;

2. Treatment targeting pathogens (cefazolin sodium, norfloxacin);

3. Maintain water and electrolyte balance;

4. All patients are encouraged to drink more water. Patients who drink less water should be given infusion to ensure that the daily urine volume is above 2000ml.

5. Some patients can take Chinese medicine.

Urinary tract infection expert tips

Urinary tract infection is more common in women of childbearing age, so it is important to pay attention to the cleanliness of the vulva. Urinary tract infections often have certain triggers, so the patient should be carefully examined for urinary tract stones, kidney or ureteral malformations, etc. In addition to drug treatment, drink plenty of water and keep the daily urine volume above 2000ml. This will play the role of urinary tract flushing, which is also very important for the treatment of urinary tract infection. In addition, gonococcal urethritis is also very common nowadays. If it occurs, it should be treated as gonorrhea first. A large amount of clinical experience has been accumulated in the use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat urinary tract infections. For example, herbs such as Isatis root, Dianthus chinensis, Patrinia salviae Miltiorrhizae, and Plantago asiatica can be used to clear away heat and detoxify. In addition, attention should be paid to strengthening nutrition and improving physical fitness.

Lower urinary tract infection

Bacterial inflammation of the bladder and urethra is collectively known as lower urinary tract infection. Common pathogens are Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Most are secondary and are more common in women. Common causes include urethral obstruction, inflammation of adjacent organs, bladder or urethral instrument examination, trauma, masturbation, etc.

(1) Clinical manifestations The main manifestations of urinary tract infection are: sudden onset, frequent urination, urgency, pain when urinating, or mucous secretions. Urine examination revealed pus cells and a small amount of red blood cells.

(2) Treatment includes: ① enhancing the body's resistance, treating the primary lesion and eliminating the factors of clothing and hair; ② drinking plenty of water, taking hot water to get rid of the problem or taking a sitz bath with 1:50,000 potassium permanganate solution; ③ anti-infection: you can choose to use 1 gram of enhanced sulfaquinoxaline, twice a day, 80,000 units of gentamicin tablets, three times a day, 0.2 gram of norfloxacin, three times a day, and in severe cases, intravenous drip of 2-4 grams of ampicillin or 0.4-0.6 grams of amikacin can be used; ④ for those with obvious symptoms of urethral irritation, appropriate amounts of antispasmodics and analgesics can be used, such as 5-10 mg of scopolamine, taken orally three times a day, or 0.3-0.6 mg of atropine tablets, three times a day.

Why are women more susceptible to urinary tract infections?

Urinary tract infection is a disease in which bacteria enter the urinary system, grow and multiply, causing inflammation. Various survey data show that among adults, women suffer from urinary tract infections significantly more than men. Why is this so? How should we prevent various causes of disease? This is a matter of great concern to many people, especially female compatriots. Here is a point-by-point analysis, hoping it will be helpful to the readers.

First, due to the special structure of the female urinary and reproductive system, the female urethra is shorter and wider than the male urethra, making it easier for bacteria to enter. Therefore, women should enhance their awareness of self-protection.

Second, the female urethral opening is close to the vagina and anus, while the male urethral opening is far away from the perineum and there is a "spatial distance", so it is less likely to get urinary tract infection. Women's urine

The vaginal opening is very close to the anus. There are a large number of bacteria around the vagina and anus. Vaginal secretions are also a good culture medium, making it easier for bacteria to reproduce. Therefore, the way for women to prevent urinary tract infections is to clean frequently and minimize the number of bacteria. To reduce the chance of disease.

3. Menstruation and sexual activity. Menstrual blood is the best culture medium for bacteria. Menstrual hygiene, especially the cleaning and disinfection of menstrual products, is an important part of reducing bacterial invasion. Sexual intercourse can push bacteria from the anterior urethra into the posterior urethra and bladder through mechanical pushing action. There are some clinical cases where the disease occurred after sexual intercourse, which illustrates this point. Sexual activity is an important part of married life. Of course, it is impossible to "throw the baby out with the bathwater". However, in cases where the disease recurs and the cause is related to sexual activity, appropriate abstinence is appropriate. It is more important to take the following measures: drink a cup of boiled water before sex to increase urine volume; go to the toilet to urinate after sex to flush and discharge the bacteria pushed in by sexual action before it invades the mucosal tissue. If these two methods still fail to prevent urinary tract infection, you can take antibacterial drugs once after sex (the specific drugs and dosage are guided by the doctor). The prevention effect is ideal and the side effects are minimal.

Fourth, during pregnancy, the enlarged uterus will press against the bladder and ureters. Endocrine changes also cause the ureteral dilation and peristalsis to slow down, causing a slow urine flow or the formation of a mild effusion. This situation also facilitates bacterial invasion and reproduction, causing disease. In the past, some people used antibiotics for prevention, but this method is not advisable. Because the misuse of antibiotics may have certain negative effects on the mother and fetus, not to mention the long ten months of pregnancy, it is difficult to prevent. The author believes that the safest way is to observe closely, check urine regularly, and seek timely treatment once any abnormality is discovered.

5. Holding urine is a common bad habit among women. This will lead to two adverse consequences. First, urine stays in the bladder for a long time. If a small amount of bacteria invade, they have more time to multiply and invade the tissues. Second, when the bladder is full, the pressure increases, and urine will flow back up to the ureter. If bacteria have already invaded, they will be sent to a position further upstream, causing pyelonephritis. The solution is of course not to hold your urine, and you should even develop a good habit of urinating frequently.