Left distal radius fracture

Fractures of the left distal radius are very common in life, especially among middle-aged and elderly people. Because of osteoporosis, unstable walking can easily lead to falls and fractures. This can cause great harm to middle-aged and elderly people, especially for the elderly who take a long time to recover. If the situation is serious, even comminuted fractures may occur. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen good treatment to promote rapid recovery.

Left distal radius fracture

Distal radius fractures are very common, accounting for about 1/10 of normal fractures. It is more common in elderly women, while those occurring in young and middle-aged people are usually those with severe trauma or violence. The fracture occurs within 2 to 3 cm of the distal radius. It is often accompanied by damage to the radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint.

Causes

1. Extension fracture (Colles fracture)

The most common type of injury is caused by indirect violence. Described in detail by A. Colles in 1814. When falling, the wrist joint is in dorsiflexion, the forearm is in pronation, and the palm touches the ground. The violence is concentrated on the cancellous bone of the distal radius and causes a fracture. The distal end of the fracture was displaced dorsally and radially. Children may suffer from epiphyseal separation; in the elderly, due to osteoporosis, even slight external force can cause fractures, which are often comminuted fractures, and the fracture ends are shortened due to compression. Comminuted fractures may involve the articular surface or be combined with ulnar styloid avulsion fracture and distal radioulnar joint dislocation.

2. Flexion fracture (Smith fracture)

Less common, first described by RW Smith in 1874. The cause of the fracture is opposite to that of an extension fracture, so it is also called a reverse Colles fracture. When falling, the back of the hand lands on the ground, the distal end of the fracture is displaced toward the palm side, and the proximal end of the fracture is displaced toward the dorsal side.

3. Barton fracture

It refers to a longitudinal oblique fracture of the distal radial articular surface, accompanied by wrist dislocation. First described by JR Barton in 1838. When falling, the palm or back of the hand lands on the ground, and the force is transmitted upward, causing a radial articular surface fracture through the impact of the proximal row of carpal bones. A fracture block with articular surface cartilage is formed on the palm or dorsal side of the lower end of the radius. The bone block is often displaced proximally, and the wrist joint is dislocated or subluxated.