How to treat acute cerebral infarction? Two methods are very effective

Clinically, during the acute phase of cerebral infarction, medical treatment is required immediately. When treating acute cerebral infarction, the following two methods are most commonly used.

1. Thrombolytic therapy

That is, it should be carried out within 3 to 6 hours after onset of the disease. Thrombolytics can be administered intravenously or through the artery. Arterial thrombolysis is not widely used in clinical practice. Commonly used drugs include urokinase and plasminogen activator (t-PA). The main risk and side effect of thrombolytic therapy is intracranial hemorrhage, and patients with cardiogenic embolism have a higher chance of cerebral hemorrhage.

2. General treatment

① Adjust blood pressure: Antihypertensive drugs should be used with caution in patients with cerebral infarction. If the blood pressure is 150-160/100 (mmHg), antihypertensive drugs are not needed. Lowering blood pressure too low can aggravate cerebral ischemia. ② Maintain unobstructed breathing: Those with breathing difficulties can be given oxygen and tracheotomy if necessary. ③ Reduce intracranial pressure and cerebral edema: Cerebral edema may occur in acute cerebral infarction, especially in large-area cerebral infarction, and is a common cause of death within 1 week after onset. Mannitol should be used to reduce intracranial pressure, and glycerol fructose and furosemide can be used for patients with abnormal renal function. ④Prevention and treatment of respiratory tract and urinary tract infections: rational use of antibiotics. ⑤Prevent pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs: low molecular weight heparin or heparin preparations can be injected subcutaneously. ⑥Early activity: prevent the formation of bedsores. Turn over, pat the back, and passively move the paralyzed limbs every 2 hours. Avoid pressure and the formation of bedsores. ⑦ Strengthen nutrition: Perform nasogastric feeding, intravenous hypernutrition, etc. according to the patient's specific situation to create opportunities for the patient to recover.