My stomach hurts and I have blood in my stool. What's wrong?

Stomach pain often leads to diarrhea, but sometimes the excrement may contain blood. This situation should be taken seriously to prevent serious consequences, and may also lead to complications of some diseases. There may still be many people who do not know the causes of stomach pain and bloody diarrhea, so what causes stomach pain and bloody diarrhea?

Abdominal pain and bloody stools may be caused by hemorrhoids, anal fissures, colitis, proctitis, intestinal polyps, or tumors. It is best to go to the hospital for a routine stool check, gastroscopy, and colonoscopy, and receive symptomatic treatment based on the results of the examination. Develop good living habits, eating habits, and hygiene habits, do not eat spicy, greasy, or hard food, and get enough rest to keep your mood happy.

1. Hemorrhoids

Classification of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are divided into internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids and mixed hemorrhoids according to the location of occurrence. There is a jagged visible line at the junction of the anal canal skin and the rectal mucosa called the anal dentate line. Hemorrhoids above the dentate line are internal hemorrhoids, which are pathological changes or displacements in the supporting structure of the anal cushions, venous plexus and arteriovenous anastomoses, and are covered with rectal mucosa. Due to the contraction of the internal sphincter, the anal cushions are divided into three parts by the Y-shaped groove: the left side, the right front side and the right back side. Therefore, internal hemorrhoids are commonly found on the left side, the right front side and the right back side. Hemorrhoids below the dentate line are external hemorrhoids, which are covered with the anal canal mucosa and can be divided into connective tissue external hemorrhoids, varicose external hemorrhoids and thrombosed external hemorrhoids. Mixed hemorrhoids are those with both internal and external hemorrhoids, which are the fusion of internal hemorrhoids with the corresponding external hemorrhoids through the venous plexus, that is, the anastomosis of the upper and lower venous plexuses. When mixed hemorrhoids protrude from the anus and are in a plum blossom shape, they are called annular hemorrhoids. If they are incarcerated by the sphincter, they form incarcerated hemorrhoids.

Clinical manifestations

1. The main manifestation is blood in the stool, which may be painless, intermittent, fresh blood after defecation, blood dripping during defecation or blood on toilet paper, and aggravated by constipation, drinking or eating irritating foods.

2. Simple internal hemorrhoids are painless but only cause a feeling of heaviness and distension. They may bleed and develop into prolapse. Pain only occurs when combined with thrombosis, incarceration, and infection.

3. Internal hemorrhoids are divided into 4 degrees. ① Grade I bleeding during defecation, the bleeding stops on its own after defecation, and the hemorrhoids do not protrude from the anus; ② Grade II often has blood in the stool; the hemorrhoids protrude from the anus during defecation, and return to the anus automatically after defecation; ③ Grade III hemorrhoids need manual assistance to return to the anus after prolapse; ④ Grade IV hemorrhoids stay outside the anus for a long time and cannot be returned to the anus; Among them, internal hemorrhoids above grade II often form mixed hemorrhoids, which are manifested by the simultaneous presence of symptoms of internal and external hemorrhoids, and may cause pain, discomfort, and itching. The itching is often due to the outflow of sticky secretions when the hemorrhoids prolapse. The last three degrees often become mixed hemorrhoids.

4. External hemorrhoids usually have no special symptoms, but swelling and pain may occur when thrombosis and inflammation occur.

2. Colitis and proctitis

Colitis refers to inflammatory lesions of the colon caused by various reasons. It can be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, protozoa and other organisms, as well as by allergic reactions and physical and chemical factors. Depending on the cause, it can be divided into specific inflammatory lesions and nonspecific inflammatory lesions. The former refers to infectious colitis, ischemic colitis and pseudomembranous colitis, etc., and the latter includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon. The main clinical manifestations are diarrhea, abdominal pain, mucus and bloody stools, tenesmus, and even constipation, inability to defecate for several days; often accompanied by weight loss, fatigue, etc., and the symptoms often recur. The incidence of ulcerative colitis in my country is gradually increasing. The course of the disease is long and there is a risk of concurrent colon cancer. Therefore, it is receiving more and more attention.

In a broad sense, any inflammation that occurs in the rectum is called proctitis. Common symptoms of proctitis include a feeling of anal prolapse, diarrhea, tenesmus, bloody stools, mucous stools, or mucous and bloody stools.

In mild cases of proctitis, only the mucosa is inflamed, while in severe cases, the inflammation involves the submucosal layer, muscular layer, and even the tissues around the rectum; sometimes only part of the rectum is affected, and sometimes the entire rectum or even the anus is affected. If acute proctitis does not heal for a long time, it will turn into chronic proctitis.

3. Intestinal polyps

Chronic inflammation of the mucosa causes local mucosal hyperplasia and hypertrophy, forming mucosal raised lesions, which can also be adenomas or hamartomas. It is mainly found in the large intestine (colon and rectum). Colorectal polyps can occur singly, or in groups of several, dozens, or more. Most have peduncles, while a few are broad-based. Most cases often have no noticeable symptoms and are only discovered accidentally during intestinal X-ray examinations, fiber endoscopy or autopsy due to other diseases. Intestinal polyps are relatively common, and their incidence increases with age. Common colorectal polyps include hyperplastic polyps, inflammatory polyps, pediatric polyps, and adenomas.

, papillary adenoma. In addition, it is also common in familial polyposis and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

4. Rectal tumor

Rectal cancer refers to the cancer between the dentate line and the rectosigmoid junction and is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract. Rectal cancer is located low and can be easily diagnosed by rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy. However, due to its deep location in the pelvic cavity and complex anatomical relationships, surgery is not easy to be thorough and the postoperative recurrence rate is high. The middle and lower rectal cancer is close to the anal sphincter, and it is difficult to preserve the anus and its function during surgery. This is a difficult problem in surgery and is also one of the diseases with the most controversy in terms of surgical methods. The median age of colorectal cancer incidence in my country is around 45 years old. The incidence rate among young people tends to increase.