What are the causes of facial paralysis?

There is a reason for the occurrence of any disease, and the same is true for facial paralysis. According to professionals, there are many causes of facial paralysis, infectious diseases, acute leukemia, mechanical injuries, trauma and poisoning are all common inducing factors.

(A) Causes of peripheral facial paralysis:

(1) Infectious diseases: herpes zoster oticus, meningitis, mumps, scarlet fever, malaria, multiple cranial neuritis, local infection.

(2) Otogenic diseases such as otitis media, labyrinthitis, mastoiditis, and suppurative inflammation of the temporal bone.

(3) Tumors: basilar artery aneurysm, skull base tumor, acoustic neuroma, and jugular bulb tumor.

(4) Trauma and poisoning: skull base fracture, facial trauma or alcohol poisoning.

(5) Metabolic disorders such as diabetes and vitamin deficiency.

(6) Vascular insufficiency and congenital facial nerve nuclear dysgenesis.

(II) Causes of facial paralysis in children :

According to a foreign analysis of 99 cases of facial paralysis in children, the incidence rate of boys and girls is basically equal, with a higher incidence rate in girls. The incidence rate is higher in the age group from birth to 2 years old. Traumatic injury was the most common, with 25 cases in total, including 2 cases of intraoperative injury. In addition, there are a small number of patients with congenital malformations and malignant diseases. There were 13 such children, including 10 with leukemia, 1 with lymphangioma, and 2 with rhabdomyosarcoma. Peripheral facial paralysis caused by acute leukemia is accompanied by leukemic meningitis and can be controlled by treating leukemia.

(III) Causes of traumatic facial paralysis

(1) Mechanical injuries are common in the maxillofacial region. The types of injuries include acute and chronic crush injuries, traction injuries, compression injuries, lacerations, sharp cutting injuries, and blunt friction injuries.

(2) Physical damage, including freezing damage, thermal damage, electrocautery damage, radiation damage, ultrasound damage and laser damage.

(3) Chemical damage refers to damage to the nerves by toxic substances, including long-term exposure to toxic substances and injection of neurotoxic products in the facial nerve distribution area, such as alcohol, penicillin, etc.

(4) Iatrogenic injury is a complex injury that includes almost all the above forms of injury.