What are the symptoms of hepatosplenomegaly?

Hepatosplenomegaly is relatively common in clinical practice, usually manifesting as simple hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, or splenomegaly only in case of splenic vein thrombosis. Moreover, these diseases have a certain chance of being inherited. If the mother is infected with Toxoplasma, rubella, or cytomegalovirus, the newborn may also be infected.

1. Life history

For example, if hepatosplenomegaly is caused by a hereditary metabolic disease, family members may suffer from the same disease. Hepatosplenomegaly due to hemolytic disease of the newborn, with a history of jaundice in previous pregnancies. A history of maternal infection during pregnancy, such as Taurine infection (i.e. maternal infection with Toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes virus, etc.), can cause congenital abnormalities and hepatosplenomegaly in the newborn. The mother's prenatal hepatitis B infection is helpful in the diagnosis of neonatal hepatitis syndrome. A mother with a history of malaria before delivery can cause neonatal malaria.

2. Birth history

Maternal infection during delivery can cause neonatal sepsis and lead to hepatosplenomegaly.

3. Symptoms

The clinical symptoms of neonates vary depending on the causes of hepatosplenomegaly. Symptoms such as fever or no rise in body temperature, refusal to eat, no weight gain, abdominal distension, jaundice, etc. are often related to infection, such as neonatal sepsis, neonatal liver abscess, neonatal hepatitis syndrome, etc. Children with galactosemia may experience hypoglycemic convulsions, vomiting, jaundice, cataracts, etc. Obstructive jaundice, neonatal hepatitis syndrome, with severe jaundice, grayish-white stools, and hepatosplenomegaly. Neonatal hemolytic disease, malaria, etc., with anemia, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly. There is a bleeding tendency and purpura, which is more common in neonatal thrombocytopenic purpura and leukemia.

4. Physical examination

First determine whether there is hepatosplenomegaly and the extent of enlargement. Physical examination is best performed when the newborn is quiet, and palpation should be gentle. When you feel an enlarged liver or spleen, you should pay attention to the degree and texture of the enlargement, and pay attention to the characteristics of the liver and spleen themselves.