Acute renal failure is caused by them

In recent years, the incidence of kidney disease has been increasing, and acute renal failure is no longer rare. The cause is inextricably linked to primary glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, renal interstitial tubular nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, etc.

1. Primary glomerulonephritis

Most cases of primary glomerulonephritis are immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and only a few cases of chronic nephritis are caused by the development of acute nephritis. The exact cause of most chronic nephritis is still unclear, and the disease is chronic from the onset. The clinical manifestations are diverse, including proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, edema, etc., accompanied by varying degrees of renal impairment. The condition is sometimes mild and sometimes severe, and is chronic and develops into chronic renal failure.

2. Diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the three major complications of diabetes, of which type 1 accounts for about 30% to 50% and type 2 accounts for 25% to 50% 20 years after onset. Type 2 diabetes is common in middle-aged and elderly people. If combined with hypertension, it is prone to kidney damage in the later stages, namely diabetic nephropathy. According to data, the incidence of diabetic nephropathy in elderly diabetic patients is as high as 30% to 40%, especially in patients with a history of more than 6 to 10 years. If blood sugar can be controlled within the normal range and blood pressure can be controlled within 120/80 mmHg, in dietary treatment, attention should be paid not only to total calorie restriction, but also to protein intake, and a low-protein diet should be used as the main diet to delay renal failure.

3. Hypertensive nephropathy

Long-term and persistent high blood pressure can cause progressive nephrosclerosis and accelerate the occurrence of renal artery atherosclerosis, leading to renal function damage. To delay the progression of chronic renal failure, people must first increase their awareness of the dangers of hypertension. Secondly, you should be familiar with the early symptoms of renal failure, such as fatigue, back pain, weak legs, loss of appetite or nausea, vomiting, sallow complexion or pale lips and eyelids. Third, the renal function of patients with hypertension should be closely monitored, preferably once every two months. Fourth, choose antihypertensive drugs rationally.

4. Renal interstitial tubular nephropathy

The kidneys are important organs for drug metabolism and excretion. Renal blood flow accounts for about 25% of cardiac output. When nephrotoxic substances exist in the blood, the kidneys are extremely susceptible to damage. Common drugs that cause kidney damage include gentamicin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, etc. Although drug-induced damage is common, it is easily overlooked by both doctors and patients. Therefore, in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, attention should be paid to correcting the patient's hypovolemia and hypoproteinemia. Diabetic patients, the elderly and children should closely observe urine routine, urine enzymes and monitor renal function during medication, which is an important measure to prevent drug-induced renal damage.

5. Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease is a congenital disease, most of which are bilateral and can coexist with congenital polycystic liver disease. The patient's renal parenchyma is composed of countless cysts of varying sizes. As time progresses, the cysts gradually increase in size, compressing the renal tissue and causing it to atrophy. Finally, the renal parenchyma is completely replaced by the cysts, and the patient dies of renal failure.

There are many diseases that can cause renal failure, such as urinary tract stone obstruction, recurrent urinary tract infections in middle-aged women, and elderly people with enlarged prostate. Active prevention and treatment of primary diseases are the key to curbing their development into renal failure. Only if we understand and recognize it better can we stay away from it and spend every day in health and happiness.