What is the cause of facial nerve palsy?

Facial nerve paralysis, also known as facial palsy, is a relatively common disease in daily life. It often manifests as facial paralysis. It not only seriously affects people's facial beauty, but also has a huge impact on human health and normal life. Therefore, we must do a good job of preventing this disease. So what are the causes of facial nerve paralysis?

1. Causes of facial nerve paralysis

There are many causes of facial neuritis. Clinically, it can be divided into central facial neuritis and peripheral facial neuritis according to the site of damage. The lesions of central facial neuritis are located in the corticobulbar tract between the facial nerve nucleus and the cerebral cortex, and are usually caused by cerebrovascular disease, intracranial tumors, brain trauma, inflammation, etc. Peripheral facial neuritis lesions occur in the facial nerve nucleus and facial nerve.

The common causes of peripheral facial neuritis are: ① infectious lesions, mostly caused by the activation of viruses lurking in the sensory ganglia of the facial nerve; ② ear diseases, such as otitis media; ③ autoimmune reactions; ④ tumors; ⑤ neurogenic; ⑥ trauma; ⑦ poisoning, such as alcohol poisoning, long-term exposure to toxic substances; ⑧ metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, vitamin deficiency; ⑨ vascular insufficiency; ⑩ congenital facial nerve nuclear dysplasia.

2. Treatment Methods

1. Non-surgical treatment

Principle: Promote early resolution of local inflammation and edema, and promote recovery of nerve function.

(1) For peripheral facial nerve paralysis caused by facial neuritis, if it is a viral infection, antiviral, nerve nutrition, glucocorticoids, B vitamins and other drugs can be used.

(2) To protect the exposed cornea and prevent conjunctivitis, eye masks, eye drops, eye ointments, etc. can be used;

(3) Massage: The patient should massage the facial muscles with his hands in front of a mirror several times a day, each time for 5 to 10 minutes.

(4) Physical therapy: commonly used methods include ultrashort wave, low and medium frequency electrotherapy, laser, drug introduction, etc.

(5) Acupuncture treatment.

2. Surgery

If facial nerve paralysis has not recovered after 3 months of conservative treatment, and there is no response in the facial nerve conduction velocity and facial muscle electromyography examination, that is, no potential activity, surgical treatment can be used.