What happens if a child has heart maldevelopment?

Heart health is extremely important for people's lives, because the heart is the core organ of the human body, continuously supplying fresh blood to various organs of the human body to maintain the functioning of life. Once there is a disease problem in the heart, it may lead to the death of the patient at any time. Moreover, heart disease is easy to start in children. Let's take a look at what happens when children have heart maldevelopment?

Heart hypoplasia in children is a manifestation of congenital heart disease, which is the most common type of congenital malformations, accounting for about 28% of all congenital malformations. It refers to anatomical abnormalities caused by formation disorders or developmental abnormalities of the heart and large blood vessels during embryonic development, or failure to close channels that should close automatically after birth (normal in the fetus). The incidence of congenital heart disease cannot be underestimated, accounting for 0.4% to 1% of live births, which means that there are 150,000 to 200,000 new patients with congenital heart disease in my country every year. The spectrum of congenital heart disease is particularly broad, including hundreds of specific types. Some patients may have multiple malformations at the same time, and the symptoms vary greatly. The mildest case may be asymptomatic throughout life, while the most severe case may show severe symptoms from birth such as hypoxia, shock, and even death. Based on hemodynamics and pathophysiological changes, congenital heart disease can be divided into cyanotic or non-cyanotic types, and can also be divided into three categories according to the presence or absence of shunt: no shunt (such as pulmonary artery stenosis, aortic coarctation), left-to-right shunt (such as atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) and right-to-left shunt (such as tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great vessels).

There are many types of congenital heart disease, and their clinical manifestations mainly depend on the size and complexity of the malformation. Complex and severe malformations can cause serious symptoms shortly after birth and even be life-threatening. It should be noted that some simple malformations such as ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus may not have obvious symptoms in the early stages, but the disease may still potentially develop and worsen, and requires timely diagnosis and treatment to avoid losing the opportunity for surgery.

The main symptoms are: 1. Frequent colds, repeated respiratory tract infections, and susceptibility to pneumonia. 2. Poor growth and development, weight loss, and excessive sweating. 3. The baby has weak sucking ability and difficulty in feeding, or refuses to eat, chokes and coughs, and usually has rapid breathing. 4. Children complain of fatigue and poor physical strength. 5. Bluish lips and nails, or cyanosis after crying or activity, and clubbing of fingers and toes. 6. Like squatting, fainting, and coughing up blood. 7. Auscultation revealed a heart murmur.

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