What is low blood plate?

Low blood platelet count is thrombocytopenia, which is a very complicated condition and is mainly divided into two types: secondary and idiopathic. Secondary infections, aplastic disorders, myelodysplasia, etc. can lead to low blood plate levels. Symptoms vary depending on the cause, so this disease requires timely treatment. So, what is low blood plate disease? Let’s take a closer look below.

The causes of thrombocytopenia include hereditary and acquired. Acquired thrombocytopenia is caused by certain factors such as drugs, malignant tumors, infection, ionizing radiation, etc. that damage hematopoietic stem cells or affect their proliferation in the bone marrow. These factors can affect multiple hematopoietic cell systems, often accompanied by varying degrees of anemia, leukopenia, and a significant decrease in bone marrow megakaryocytes. The causes of thrombocytopenia include both congenital and acquired. Acquired platelet destruction includes immune and non-immune causes. Common immune causes of excessive platelet destruction include idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and drug-induced thrombocytopenia. Excessive destruction of non-immune thrombocytopenia includes infection, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, etc. Excessive retention of platelets in the spleen The cause of thrombocytopenia may be excessive retention of platelets in the spleen, which is most common in hypersplenism, which can easily lead to thrombocytopenia. Related to immune destruction (1) Immune destruction: ① Drug-related antibodies, producing corresponding antibodies. ② Certain diseases with abnormal immune responses can cause immune platelet destruction. ③Infection-related thrombocytopenia, common in viral and bacterial infections. ④ Alloimmune thrombocytopenia, seen in post-transfusion purpura and neonatal purpura. (2) Non-immune destruction: The vascular endothelium is rough, and foreign bodies in the blood vessels cause mechanical destruction of platelets. Such as vasculitis, artificial heart valves, arterial catheterization, extracorporeal circulation, hemodialysis, etc. Disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and hemolytic uremic syndrome are all accompanied by thrombocytopenia, which is related to excessive platelet consumption.

Clinical manifestations 1. Skin bleeding, petechiae, purpura, and ecchymosis. 2. Bleeding gums Bleeding gums are common in normal people and those with dental diseases. Therefore, repeated gingival bleeding or difficulty in stopping bleeding often indicates bleeding diseases such as thrombocytopenia. 3. Blood blisters on oral mucosa. 4. Nosebleeds may occur occasionally in normal people, but nosebleeds combined with other bleeding symptoms often indicate bleeding diseases. 5. Joint bleeding, muscle and deep tissue hematoma. Simple thrombocytopenia causing joint and muscle bleeding is rare.