What are the precautions for hyperthyroidism patients during pregnancy?

People are more or less exposed to some diseases in their daily work and life, and hyperthyroidism is a very common disease. Hyperthyroidism, referred to as "hyperthyroidism", causes the body's hypermetabolism and sympathetic nerve excitement, causing symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, increased eating and bowel movements, and weight loss. Especially patients who are pregnant during illness need to pay attention to many things, so what are the precautions for hyperthyroidism patients during pregnancy?

First, what are the precautions for hyperthyroidism patients during pregnancy? Hyperthyroidism patients should understand the purpose of dietary conditioning. Hyperthyroidism is a type of hypermetabolic syndrome, which is characterized by an increased basal metabolic rate and enhanced protein decomposition. It requires a high-protein, high-calorie, high-carbohydrate and high-vitamin diet to replenish consumption and improve the overall nutritional status. Patients with hyperthyroidism should eat in moderation. Avoid spicy food; avoid foods high in iodine such as kelp, seaweed and other seafood; drink less strong tea and coffee, do not drink alcohol or smoke.

Second, it must be pointed out that it is dangerous for women with hyperthyroidism to become pregnant, which is harmful to both mother and baby. From the perspective of eugenics, you should not get pregnant if you have hyperthyroidism. It is not too late to get pregnant after the hyperthyroidism is cured. If a patient with mild hyperthyroidism due to special factors must become pregnant before the hyperthyroidism is cured, she must do so under the guidance of a gynecologist. And be prepared for an abortion at any time. What should patients with hyperthyroidism pay attention to when they become pregnant? In the early stages of hyperthyroidism, estrogen is secreted too much, the endometrium responds strongly to estrogen, and endometrial hyperplasia occurs, manifesting as excessive and frequent menstruation, and even dysfunctional uterine bleeding. As the course of hyperthyroidism progresses, both axis systems are subject to feedback inhibition, the secretion and metabolism of ovarian hormones are blocked, and the decomposition, inactivation, and clearance processes are accelerated. The endometrium gradually degenerates and atrophies, causing infrequent menstruation, reduced menstrual blood volume, and even amenorrhea. Mild cases of hyperthyroidism may not affect ovulation, so pregnancy is possible. About 90% of patients with severe cases do not ovulate and naturally cannot become pregnant.

What are the precautions for patients with hyperthyroidism during pregnancy? If pregnant women must take antithyroid drugs during pregnancy, this will inhibit the thyroid function of the fetus, thereby causing congenital hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) in the fetus, leading to cretinism after birth. What should patients with hyperthyroidism pay attention to when they become pregnant? Whether it is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, mild cases will not affect pregnancy, but the miscarriage or stillbirth rate is higher. Male patients with severe conditions may experience decreased libido, impotence, decreased sperm count and infertility. Female patients with hypothyroidism often have excessive and frequent menstruation. If not treated, it can also lead to infertility. Once pregnant, the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is 10 times higher than that of the normal pregnancy group, which may induce thyroid crisis and threaten the patient's life. The concentration of thyroid receptor antibodies (TRAb) must be measured regularly during pregnancy. If TRAb is several times higher than the normal value, it indicates that the fetus may also suffer from hyperthyroidism, so that the doctor can take timely measures. If a pregnant woman develops hypothyroidism, the impact on the fetus is greater than if she suffers from hyperthyroidism, and the miscarriage rate and perinatal mortality rate of the fetus increase.