Does adenomyosis cause abdominal pain?

Adenomyosis is particularly common and is also a relatively complicated gynecological disease. Nowadays, more and more women are suffering from this disease. The primary symptom of this disease is dysmenorrhea, and the main manifestation is heavy menstruation and prolonged menstrual period. Generally, taking medicine is useless. If you encounter it, you still need to go for a check-up. If you delay for too long, it will cause more other diseases. Now let's take a closer look at adenomyosis.

1. Adenomyosis: Adenomyosis is a diffuse or localized lesion formed by the invasion of endometrial glands and stroma into the myometrium. Like endometriosis, it is a common and difficult gynecological disease. Adenomyosis mostly occurs in multiparous women around 30 to 50 years old, but it can also be seen in young nulliparous women. This may be related to the increase in various intrauterine operations. About 15% of patients have concomitant endometriosis, and about 50% have concomitant uterine fibroids. The disease can be treated with drug intervention or surgical treatment, but it is difficult to cure it. Only after menopause can the patient's adenomyosis gradually improve on its own. Therefore, the choice of clinical treatment plan needs to be individualized based on the patient's age, symptoms and fertility requirements.

2 Cause: The cause of adenomyosis is still unknown. The current consensus is that because the uterus lacks a submucosal layer, the basal cells of the endometrium proliferate and invade the myometrium, accompanied by compensatory hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the surrounding myometrial cells, forming a lesion. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this disease is caused by qi stagnation, cold stagnation, heat burning, qi deficiency, and kidney deficiency, which lead to blood stasis blocking the Chong, Ren, and uterus, and dysmenorrhea when menstruation is not smooth. The main pathogenesis is blood stasis blocking Chong, Ren and Baogong.

3 Clinical manifestations: In the past, adenomyosis mostly occurred in multiparous women over 40 years old, but in recent years it has shown a trend of gradually becoming younger, which may be related to the increase in intrauterine surgeries such as cesarean sections and artificial abortions. Symptoms (1) Menstrual disorders (40%-50%) are mainly manifested by prolonged menstruation and increased menstrual volume. Some patients may also experience spotting before and after menstruation. Severe patients may develop anemia. (2) Dysmenorrhea (25%) is characterized by secondary progressive dysmenorrhea. It often begins a week before menstruation and is relieved when the menstrual period ends. Taking painkillers can relieve dysmenorrhea in the early stages, but as the disease progresses, the dosage of painkillers required for dysmenorrhea increases significantly, making it impossible for patients to tolerate it. (3) About 35% of other patients have no obvious symptoms. Physical signs during gynecological examination show that the uterus is often uniformly enlarged and spherical, and adenomyomas may appear as hard nodules. The uterus is generally no larger than 12 weeks of pregnancy. As menstruation approaches, the uterus feels tender; during menstruation, the uterus enlarges, becomes softer, and the tenderness is more obvious than usual; after menstruation, the uterus shrinks. The uterus is often adhered to the surrounding area, especially the rectum at the back, and has poor mobility. 15% to 40% of patients have endometriosis, and about half of them have uterine fibroids.

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