What is platelet failure?

Platelets are very important to the human body. If thrombocytopenia occurs, it may induce serious diseases or even massive bleeding. When patients go to the hospital for a check-up, their platelet count is basically checked. Some people may ask, what is the reason why platelets cannot produce blood, and what disease causes it? It is recommended that if you have any problems, go directly to the hospital for examination and treatment. The following will introduce the relevant information about platelets.

What is platelet failure?

Platelets do not have the function of hematopoietic function. If there is a platelet abnormality, it is necessary to rule out whether it is an abnormality in the platelets themselves or caused by damage to the hematopoietic function. The local part of the blood system is prone to cause these symptoms. If it is a malignant blood system disease, the treatment is more difficult and may require a bone marrow transplant. This disease will not cause sudden death, but it is prone to infection and bleeding, which are life-threatening.

What causes thrombocytopenia?

1. Acute ITP often occurs during the recovery period of viral infection or upper respiratory tract infection, such as rubella, measles, chickenpox, parotid cancer, etc.

The patient's serum has a high level of antiviral antibodies, and the platelet surface-related antibodies are significantly increased, so it is believed that it is caused by viral antigens. The pathogenesis may be that the antigen-antibody complex including viral antigens cross-reacts with the platelet Fc receptor or the autoantibodies produced by viral antigens cross-react with the platelet membrane, damaging the platelets and being cleared by phagocytes.

2. There is often no history of prodromal infection before the onset of chronic ITP, which is caused by autoantibodies caused by changes in platelet structural antigens. 80% to 90% of the medical records contain platelet surface antibodies, of which 95% are PalgG, 2/3 are PalgG and PalgM, and a few are PalgA and pac. Antibodies act directly on the glycoproteins on the platelet membrane, and a few act on the Gbib complex, shortening the lifespan of platelets and changing their functions. Its content is negatively correlated with platelet lifespan, and it has been confirmed that the spleen is the main site of platelet antibody production.

What are the common types of platelets?

Platelets originate from bone marrow megakaryocytes. After entering the blood circulation, about one-third of platelets are stored in the spleen. The half-life of platelets is 3.7 to 4.0 days, and aging and consumed platelets are mainly cleared in the spleen. The platelet membrane contains a variety of glycoproteins and receptors. When the receptors bind to the corresponding ligands, the platelets are activated, their morphology changes, and a series of reactions such as aggregation and granule release occur.

Platelets play an important role in hemostasis and coagulation processes, and their main functions are adhesion, aggregation, and release. Platelets are also involved in the coagulation process, clot retraction and vasoconstriction response.

What is the normal platelet value?

The normal range of platelets in the human body is 100,000 to 300,000 per milliliter, or 100 to 300 per liter of blood multiplied by 10 to the 9th power, generally referred to as 100 to 300.

In fact, this is just a reference value. People's platelet counts still fluctuate. If it is below 100, there is no big problem. If it is below 50, you need to be careful, and if it is below 20, you need treatment.

There is no problem if it is higher than 400, but if it is higher than 500, you need to find out the problem.

Platelets have many functions, such as preventing bleeding and repairing blood vessels. If it is too high, the blood flow will be poor, etc. These are all indispensable functions of the human body, and without it, it cannot function normally.