Focal low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

Most women are affected by gynecological diseases. In recent years, the incidence of chronic cervicitis has continued to increase, and even women who have not given birth will experience symptoms of chronic cervicitis. The vagina and uterus are the most important physiological organs of women. Once infected with a disease, the whole body will be affected. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to women's gynecological diseases, take preventive measures, and understand the knowledge of prevention and treatment.

Chronic cervicitis is the most common gynecological disease. It is more common in multiparous women. The main clinical manifestations are increased leucorrhea, which is milky white or slightly yellow, or sticky and purulent, and sometimes bloody or mixed with blood. It is usually not difficult to diagnose through gynecological examination. Local manifestations of the cervix include cervical hypertrophy, endocervicitis, cervical glandular cysts and cervical squamous metaplasia.

Causes

It is often due to incomplete treatment of acute cervicitis, and pathogens hide in the cervical mucosa to form chronic inflammation. It is more common after delivery, miscarriage or surgical injury to the cervix, when pathogens invade and cause infection. The pathogens of chronic cervicitis are mainly Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli and anaerobic bacteria. Currently, chronic cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections is also increasing. In addition, some viruses such as herpes simplex virus have also become common pathogens.

Clinical manifestations

1. Increased leucorrhea

Sometimes it is the only symptom of chronic cervicitis. It is usually thick mucus or purulent mucus. Sometimes the secretions may contain blood or a small amount of blood, and there may also be contact bleeding. Vulvar itching may be caused by irritation from leucorrhea.

2. Pain

Pain often occurs in the lower abdomen or lumbosacral region, and sometimes in the upper abdomen, thighs and hip joints. It worsens during menstruation, bowel movements or sexual intercourse, especially when the inflammation extends posteriorly along the uterosacral ligament or along the bottom of the broad ligament of the uterus, forming chronic parauterine connective tissue inflammation. The pain is even worse when the cardinal ligament of the cervix thickens. Whenever the cervix is ​​touched, it immediately causes pain in the iliac fossa and lumbosacral region. Some patients may even experience nausea, affecting their sexual life.

3. Bladder and bowel symptoms

Chronic cervicitis can spread through the lymphatic channels or directly spread to the bladder trigone or the connective tissue around the bladder. As a result, as soon as there is urine in the bladder, there is an urge to defecate, and symptoms of frequent urination or difficulty urinating appear, but the urine is clear and the routine urine test is normal. In some cases, the inflammation continues to spread or pass through the lymphatic pathways connecting the cervix, bladder trigone, and ureters, causing secondary urinary tract infection. Intestinal symptoms are less common than bladder symptoms, and some patients experience pain during bowel movements.

4. Other symptoms

Such as irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, pelvic heaviness, etc.