Tumor in the intestine

Tumor is a common symptom in people's body structure, mainly due to the appearance of lumps in the body or some diseases caused by cell mutations. There are two types of tumors, one is benign tumor and the other is malignant tumor, but no matter which type of tumor it is, it causes great harm to people's bodies. But sometimes people find that they have tumors in their intestines. When this happens, it is a serious condition and requires prompt treatment. So what are the tumors in the intestine? What methods need to be taken to treat them?

Benign and malignant tumors that occur in the small and large intestines. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the nature and location of the tumor. Generally speaking, benign tumors may cause no symptoms or very mild symptoms. Some malignant tumors have no obvious symptoms in the early stages, which affects diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Among intestinal tumors, the incidence of small intestinal tumors is lower than that of tumors in the esophagus, stomach, and large intestine. The diagnosis can be confirmed through X-ray imaging, gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy. Treatment is surgical resection. Benign tumors have a good prognosis.

The incidence of small intestinal tumors occurring in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum accounts for about 36% of gastrointestinal tumors and about 0.2% of systemic tumors. The low incidence rate may be related to the following factors: ① The contents of the small intestine are in liquid state, which can reduce the concentration of carcinogens entering the small intestine; ② The small intestine empties quickly, which reduces the contact time between carcinogens and the small intestine; ③ The small intestine contains protective acids and high concentrations of immunoglobulin IgA, which may dissolve carcinogens; ④ The small intestine may have a special protection system similar to the spleen, which plays a role in defending against tumors. Small intestinal tumors can occur at any age, but are generally seen in middle-aged and elderly people, most commonly between 50 and 70 years old, with the incidence rate being roughly equal between men and women.

Among small intestinal tumors, malignant tumors are more common than benign tumors. The more common benign tumors include leiomyoma, lipoma and adenoma, hemangioma is relatively rare, and neurofibroma, fibroma, fibromyoma, etc. are even rarer; among malignant tumors, malignant lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, etc. are more common. Tumors can occur anywhere in the small intestine, with adenomas and carcinoids more common in the duodenum and other tumors more common in the ileum and jejunum. The tumors are usually solitary but may also be multiple. Multiple malignant tumors are often caused by metastasis of extraintestinal primary lesions.

treat

Early surgical removal of the tumor is the treatment of choice for small bowel tumors. Among benign tumors, leiomyoma, adenoma and fibroma all have the potential to become malignant, especially adenoma, which is currently considered a precancerous lesion and should be removed as soon as possible. Benign tumors have a good prognosis after surgical resection if there are no serious complications. Malignant tumors are often difficult to diagnose early, and by the time a clear diagnosis is made, most patients have already had metastasis, so the prognosis is poor. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment for small intestinal malignant tumors may have a certain effect.

Benign colorectal tumors are benign tumors that occur in the cecum (including the appendix), colon, and rectum. Benign tumors of the small intestine are more common clinically. The more common histological classifications include adenoma, lipoma, leiomyoma, hamartoma and inflammatory polyp. Tumors can occur singly or multipleally.

High-risk groups

1. Age of onset: most patients develop the disease after the age of 50.

2. Family history: If a person's first-degree relative, such as a parent, has had colorectal cancer, his risk of developing the disease in his lifetime is 8 times higher than that of the general population. About a quarter of new cases have a family history of colorectal cancer.

3. History of colon disease: Certain colon diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Their risk of colon cancer is 30 times that of the general population.

4. Polyps: Most colorectal tumors develop from small precancerous lesions, which are called polyps. Among them, villous adenomatous polyps are more likely to develop into cancer, with a malignant transformation chance of about 25%; the malignant transformation rate of tubular adenomatous polyps is 1-5%.

5. Genetic characteristics: Some familial tumor syndromes, such as hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer, can significantly increase the chance of developing colorectal cancer. And the onset of the disease is younger.