Family genetic disease

Diseases are very common, and their treatment requires good methods. A common treatment method is drugs. Drugs are very helpful in controlling many diseases. However, it should be noted that when treating diseases, the choice of drugs cannot be carried out arbitrarily, otherwise it will cause more damage to one's own health. So what about family genetic diseases? This is something that many people don't understand well.

Many people suffer from diseases because of family hereditary diseases, and the treatment of family hereditary diseases is also very complicated. Therefore, when such problems arise, it is necessary to go to the hospital for various physical examinations.

Family genetic diseases:

Genetic diseases refer to diseases caused by changes in genetic material or controlled by pathogenic genes. Genetic diseases refer to diseases that are completely or partially determined by genetic factors. They are often congenital but can also be acquired. Such as congenital idiocy, polydactyly, congenital deaf-muteness, hemophilia, etc. These genetic diseases are completely determined by genetic factors and will only develop after a certain period of time after birth. Sometimes it takes several years, more than ten years or even decades before obvious symptoms appear.

Disease type: Diseases caused by changes in genetic material, including chromosomal aberrations and invisible gene mutations at the chromosomal level, are collectively referred to as genetic diseases. Genetic diseases can be divided into three main categories, depending on the process of change in the genetic material involved:

One is a chromosomal disease or chromosomal syndrome, in which changes in genetic material are visible at the chromosomal level, manifesting as changes in number or structure. Because chromosomal diseases involve a large number of genes, the symptoms are usually very severe, involving abnormalities and functional changes in multiple organs and systems.

The second is single gene disease. Currently, more than 6,500 single gene diseases have been discovered. They mainly refer to diseases caused by mutations in a pair of alleles, which are caused by mutations in dominant genes and recessive genes respectively. The so-called dominant gene refers to a gene that can cause disease as long as one of the alleles (genes that control relative traits at the same position on a pair of homologous chromosomes) mutates. A recessive gene is a gene that can cause disease only when a pair of alleles mutate at the same time.

The third is polygenic disease. As the name suggests, this type of disease involves the role of multiple genes. Unlike single-gene diseases, these genes do not have a dominant or recessive relationship. Each gene has only a slight cumulative effect. Therefore, different people with the same disease may have significantly different severity of the disease and risk of recurrence due to the different numbers of pathogenic genes involved. They also show a family clustering phenomenon. For example, cleft lip can be mild or severe, and some people also have cleft palate. It is worth noting that in addition to being related to genetics, polygenic diseases are also greatly influenced by environmental factors, so they are also called multifactorial diseases. Many common diseases such as asthma, cleft lip, schizophrenia, anencephaly, hypertension, congenital cardiovascular disease, epilepsy, etc. are polygenic diseases.

Through the above introduction, we have a good understanding of family genetic diseases. The treatment of such diseases is very troublesome, and after they occur, if they are not improved in time, they will also induce other problems. Therefore, when treating such diseases, we cannot choose some treatment methods at will, which is not conducive to the stability of the disease.