Advanced lymphoma

Speaking of lymph, I believe many people have had a certain understanding of it from books, and roughly know the role of lymph in the human body. In fact, as everyone knows, lymph plays a vital role in our body, but many people in reality do not pay attention to the care of related aspects, which leads to lymphatic system disease. Sometimes severe cases can cause the body's lymphatic system to become paralyzed and lead to loss of life.

In fact, when it comes to lymph, it is actually the abbreviation of the medical professional name lymph fluid. Lymph fluid is present in the body of humans and other animals, and under normal circumstances, lymph fluid is colorless and transparent. In addition, lymph fluid is contained in almost every part of our body, and it has a great impact on our health. If the lymph fluid is affected by viruses or other serious reasons, the human body will suffer from lymphoma. Let’s talk about the late stage of lymphoma.

The local manifestations of lymphoma in the late stage include superficial and deep lymph node enlargement, which are mostly painless, smooth in surface, movable, tough, full and uniform in texture. In the early stage, they are active, isolated or scattered in the neck, armpits, groin, etc. In the late stage, they fuse with each other, adhere to the skin, become immobile, or form ulcers; Pharyngeal lymphatic ring lesions The mucosa and submucosa of the oropharynx, tongue root, tonsils and nasopharynx are rich in lymphoid tissue, forming the pharyngeal lymphatic ring, also known as the Waldeyer ring, which is a common site for malignant lymphoma; Nasal lesions The vast majority of primary nasal lymphomas are NHL, and the main pathological types include nasal NK/T cell lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma; Chest lesions Mediastinal lymph nodes are a common site for malignant lymphoma, which are more common in primary mediastinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma and precursor T cell lymphoma in HL and NHL. There are round, quasi-round or lobed shadows on the chest X-ray. The progression of the lesion can compress the bronchi and cause atelectasis. Sometimes the central part of the tumor will necrotize and form a cavity. Some lung lesions manifest as diffuse interstitial changes, at which time the clinical symptoms are obvious, often with cough, sputum, shortness of breath, and dyspnea. Secondary infection may cause fever. Malignant lymphoma can invade the myocardium and pericardium, manifesting as pericardial effusion. Lymphoma invasion of the myocardium manifests as cardiomyopathy, which may have arrhythmia, abnormal electrocardiogram, etc. Abdominal manifestations: The spleen is the most common subdiaphragmatic invasion site of HL. The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of extranodal lesions in NHL. Mesenteric, retroperitoneal and iliac fossa lymph nodes are also common sites of lymphoma invasion; skin manifestations: malignant lymphoma may invade the skin primarily or secondarily, which is more common in NHL; bone marrow invasion of myeloid malignant lymphoma is manifested as bone marrow invasion or combined leukemia, which is mostly one of the late manifestations of the disease, and the vast majority are NHL; nervous system manifestations: such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, subacute necrotizing myelopathy, sensory or motor peripheral neuropathy, and multiple myopathy and other manifestations. Malignant lymphoma can also originate primarily or secondarily in the brain, epidural, testis, ovary, vagina, cervix, breast, thyroid, adrenal gland, retrobulbar tissue of the orbit, larynx, bone and muscle soft tissue, etc. The clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, and care should be taken to differentiate them.

Medical research shows that there are generally several known causes of lymphoma in the human body, including viral infection, radiation effects, and genetic influences. However, in reality, no matter what causes the lymphoma, we must treat it in a timely manner, because if lymphoma reaches the late stage, it is basically incurable.