Contraceptive pills with fewer side effects

Speaking of birth control pills, I believe most people are familiar with them, because many friends often use birth control pills in their lives. Whether they are boyfriends and girlfriends in love or married couples, they usually use condoms. As everyone knows, contraceptive pills have side effects, so many friends still use them less frequently in their daily lives, while some people are also looking for contraceptive pills with fewer side effects.

Contraceptive pills are drugs used to prevent pregnancy, and similar products include condoms. For many young couples and some couples who do not want children, birth control pills are a necessity in life. However, taking too many contraceptives can harm the body, so many people often quarrel about this, and are also looking for contraceptives with fewer side effects. So, let’s talk about birth control pills with fewer side effects.

Most of the commonly used contraceptives currently are combined preparations of estrogen and progesterone. These preparations are metabolized and excreted quickly, so they need to be taken every day. For example, the compound L-18-methylnorgestrel, whose estrogen and progesterone content is closer to the ratio of the two hormone levels in the body during a normal menstrual cycle, is a short-acting contraceptive recently developed abroad. It can be tried and has relatively few side effects.

Contraceptive drugs generally refer to oral contraceptives, which include female oral contraceptives and male oral contraceptives. Its contraceptive principle is mainly to inhibit ovulation and change the cervical mucus to make it difficult for sperm to penetrate, or to reduce the production of glycogen in the uterine glands to make it difficult for the blastocyst to survive, or to change the activity of the uterus and fallopian tubes to hinder the transportation of the fertilized egg. A drug that prevents sperm and egg from combining to form a fertilized egg, thereby achieving the purpose of contraception.

The mechanism of action is multi-faceted and multi-faceted, and varies depending on the ingredients, preparation, dosage and usage. For example, combined preparations of estrogen and progesterone mainly inhibit ovulation, small doses of progesterone mainly hinder fertilization, and large doses of progesterone mainly prevent implantation. The above classification of application mechanisms is relative.

Sex hormones that inhibit ovulation

After oral administration, the blood concentration of estrogen and progesterone increases, which inhibits the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus through negative feedback. In addition, the sex hormones in the blood also have a direct inhibitory effect on the anterior pituitary, which can reduce the secretion of gonadotropin by the anterior pituitary, and the amount of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the blood. Since the secretion of FSH is inhibited, the growth and maturation of follicles are hindered, there are no mature follicles for ovulation, and the estrogen peak before ovulation is also cancelled. Because the LH surge during the mid-cycle disappears, the ovulation process is inhibited.

Fertilization-blocking hormones

After taking small doses of progesterone orally, it changes the physical and chemical properties of cervical mucus and hinders fertilization. Progesterone can inhibit the secretion of cervical mucus, reducing the amount of mucus but increasing the viscosity and cell content, which is not conducive to sperm penetration, making it difficult for sperm to pass through, thereby hindering fertilization. When progesterone is dominant, sperm capacitation is inhibited and sperm loses its fertilization ability, thus affecting fertilization. Taking small doses of progestin continuously throughout the menstrual cycle can hinder fertilization. Its advantage is that it does not contain estrogen and has fewer side effects, but its contraceptive effect is worse than that of estrogen and progestin combination preparations, and the incidence of irregular bleeding is higher. Rarely used.

The human hypothalamus secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In women, FSH promotes the growth and development of ovarian follicles. Under the combined action of FSH and LH, the mature follicles secrete estrogen and progesterone.

Through the detailed introduction in the above article, we have a relatively good understanding of contraceptives with fewer side effects. But in fact, contraceptives with small side effects can still cause great harm to our human body, so it is recommended that friends should use it well. For contraception, condoms can be used instead. Although it will not be very comfortable to wear, it is still necessary for the health of both parties.