Causes of dysentery

Everyone should know about dysentery. In the past, dysentery was a very common disease. This disease has a great impact on patients. It will cause abdominal pain and diarrhea. In severe cases, there will be blood in the stool. Generally, the onset is very acute and it will cause great harm to the patient's health. We should understand the cause of dysentery in time and treat it as soon as possible.

Everyone should know about diseases like dysentery. Dysentery can cause abdominal pain, and in severe cases it can cause great harm to the patient's health. It must be treated in time. We should understand the causes of dysentery to facilitate treatment.

pathology

Etiology

Shigella dysenteriae belongs to the genus Shigella and is Gram-negative. Straight bacilli, morphologically similar to other Enterobacteriaceae species. No exercise. There are two types of metabolism: respiration and fermentation. Catalase positive (except one species). Oxidase negative. Organic chemotrophic type. Fermentation of sugars does not produce gas (except for a few species that do). Does not utilize citrate or malonate as sole carbon source. No growth and no H2S production in KCN. It is an intestinal pathogen of humans and primates, causing bacillary dysentery. It is a facultative anaerobic bacterium that can grow on ordinary culture medium and form medium-sized, translucent, smooth colonies. Forms colorless colonies on enterobacteriaceae selective medium. According to the difference of bacterial antigens, it can be divided into four groups: Shigella, Flexnera, Boya and Sonnelia. This genus of bacteria has strong survival ability in the external environment, among which Sonnei has the strongest ability and Shigella has the weakest ability. It can be killed in half an hour under sunlight, 10 minutes at 60℃, or instantly at 100℃. General disinfectants such as Lysol, bleach, Sanisol, peracetic acid, etc. can inactivate it.

Epidemiology

Dysentery can occur throughout the year, but the incidence is highest in summer and autumn. Patients with dysentery and carriers are sources of infection, and patients with mild or chronic dysentery and healthy carriers are easily overlooked. The main transmission routes are fecal-oral infection, and children with poor hygiene habits are susceptible to this disease. Chronic bacillary dysentery in children is often latent, atypical and persistent, making it difficult to detect and therefore easy to spread among the pediatric population. After a person is infected, the immunity is not long-lasting and the disease can recur. Factors such as cold, fatigue, improper diet, nutritional deficiencies, and intestinal flora imbalance can all reduce resistance to this disease.

Everyone should know the causes of dysentery. We should be able to do scientific prevention for such a disease in normal times. Dysentery is contagious and is very easy to occur in summer and autumn. Many times it is caused by bad hygiene habits. Therefore, we must pay attention to hygiene and seek timely treatment if dysentery occurs.