What causes menstrual abdominal pain?

Every month women have a few days when their menstruation comes, and some women cannot bear the stomach pain at this time, and some even have to stay in bed at home to rest. What is the reason why women have abdominal pain during menstruation?

1. Adenomyosis

Characteristics of dysmenorrhea: progressive worsening. Severe spasmodic colic. It often occurs in multiparous women over 30 years old.

2. Submucosal uterine fibroids

Characteristics of dysmenorrhea: Because the fibroids grow toward the uterine mucosa and protrude from the uterine cavity, affecting the discharge of menstrual blood, it can cause abnormal contraction of the uterus and cause dysmenorrhea, which manifests as lower abdominal distension, back pain, increased menstrual flow and period disorders.

3. Chronic cervicitis

Characteristics of dysmenorrhea: The main symptom of chronic cervicitis is increased vaginal discharge. When the inflammation spreads along the uterosacral ligament to the pelvic cavity, it will cause dysmenorrhea, which is mainly manifested as lumbar pain, pelvic pain, etc. The pain worsens during menstruation, defecation or sexual intercourse. Cervicitis caused by gonococci and other bacteria often leads to cervical canal occlusion or stenosis, causing retrograde menstrual blood and dysmenorrhea.

4. Endometriosis

Characteristics of dysmenorrhea: secondary and progressive. The so-called progressive pain means that the pain increases year by year as the local lesions worsen. It is mostly located in the lower abdomen and lumbosacral region, and can radiate to the vagina, perineum, anus or thighs. It often starts 1 to 2 days before menstruation, is severe on the first day of menstruation, and gradually subsides and disappears when menstruation is over.

The degree of pain is not necessarily proportional to the size of the lesion. Severe lesions, such as larger ovarian endometriomas, may cause less pain, while small nodular lesions scattered throughout the pelvic peritoneum can cause severe dysmenorrhea.

5. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease

Characteristics of dysmenorrhea: wide range. Scar adhesions and pelvic congestion caused by chronic pelvic inflammation often cause lower abdominal distension, pain, and lumbar pain, which worsens before and after menstruation. Dysmenorrhea is manifested by persistent pain in the bilateral upper abdomen, which may radiate to the waist, and is sometimes accompanied by a feeling of heaviness and distension in the anus.

6. Pelvic congestion syndrome

Characteristics of dysmenorrhea: It manifests as a wide range of chronic congestive dysmenorrhea, with symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, low back pain, and breast pain during menstruation. The pain often worsens a few days before menstruation and eases one or two days after the onset of menstruation. In a few cases, the pain persists. The pain worsens after the patient has stood for a period of time and when running, jumping, or sitting down suddenly, and is more severe in the afternoon than in the morning. It is common in women aged 25 to 40.