How is diabetes insipidus caused and what causes it?

Diabetes insipidus is divided into two categories: primary and secondary. The cause of primary diabetes insipidus is still unknown, while the causes of secondary diabetes insipidus are mainly tumors, surgery, genetics, etc. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that dampness, heat, anxiety and irritability are the causes of diabetes insipidus.

1. Western medicine causes:

1. The primary cause is unknown, accounting for about 1/2 to 1/3. Patients of this type have a reduced number of neurons in the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; Nissil granules are depleted in the cytoplasm, suggesting a defect in the synthesis of ADH enzyme. 2. Cell proliferation disorder, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis, leukemia or metastatic tumor, etc.; infection includes tuberculosis, syphilis, etc. 3. Hereditary

Familial diabetes insipidus accounts for only 1% of cases. It may be caused by simple ADH deficiency or osmotic pressure receptor deficiency. It starts in childhood and may be accompanied by diabetes, optic atrophy, and congenital deafness. It is also called DIDMOAD syndrome.

2. Causes of disease in traditional Chinese medicine:

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that when the five emotions are excessive, the liver qi will be uncomfortable, depressed and turn into fire; or dampness and heat will invade the body, causing heat inside, which will damage the stomach yin and kidney yin and cause diabetes.

Pathogenesis:

Since ADH is secreted by the hypothalamic nerve nucleus, any damage to the area above the median eminence of the hypothalamus can easily lead to permanent diabetes insipidus; damage to the neurohypophysis often only causes temporary diabetes insipidus. When more than 85% of the hypothalamic nerve nuclei are damaged or more than 80% of the hypothalamic pituitary nerve pathways are destroyed, permanent diabetes insipidus symptoms appear clinically.

TCM pathogenesis:

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that patients with this disease have yin deficiency. If they also have irregular diet, emotional imbalance, excessive work and desire, it will lead to excessive dryness and heat, and depletion of yin fluid, which can easily lead to the occurrence of this disease. If heat damages the stomach yin and the body fluid dries up, one will feel thirsty and drink a lot; if heat damages the kidney yin, the body fluid will flow out, causing frequent urination.

pathology:

Patients with primary diabetes insipidus have a reduced number of neurons in the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; the Nissil granules in the cytoplasm are depleted; the posterior pituitary gland is reduced and there is a defect in the synthesis of ADH enzyme.