Symptoms of urinary retention, beware of abnormal urination

The most common type of urinary retention is acute urinary retention, in which the bladder expands rapidly in a short period of time, causing the patient to be unable to urinate on his own. The common cause of urinary retention is obstructive factors, such as the urethra being too narrow or blocked by blood clots or stones.

1. Symptoms

Acute urinary retention: In acute urinary retention, the bladder fills suddenly in a short period of time, and the bladder expands rapidly to become a tension-free bladder, with a feeling of distension and distension in the lower abdomen, an urgent urge to urinate, and an inability to urinate on one's own. His urination was normal and he had no history of dysuria.

Chronic urinary retention: Chronic urinary retention develops from difficulty in urination caused by obstructive lesions below the bladder neck. Due to persistent and severe obstruction, the detrusor muscle of the bladder may thicken in the early stage and may become thinner in the later stage. The trabeculae on the mucosal surface may proliferate, small chambers and pseudodiverticula may be formed, the bladder compensatory function may be incomplete, the residual urine volume may gradually increase, and pseudoincontinence may occur.

2. Urinary retention care

1. Psychological care: Provide explanations and comfort to the patient based on their mentality to eliminate anxiety and tension.

2. Provide an environment for urination: close doors and windows, and use screens to block vision to protect the patient's self-esteem; appropriately adjust treatment and nursing time so that the patient can urinate with peace of mind.

3. Adjust body position and posture: Assist the patient to take an appropriate body position. If the condition permits, the patient should try to urinate in a habitual posture, such as helping the patient sit up or raise the upper body. For patients who need absolute bed rest or certain surgeries, they should be trained to urinate in bed in a planned manner in advance to avoid urinary retention caused by the change in urination posture after surgery, which will increase the patient's pain.

4. Induce urination: Use conditioned reflexes, such as listening to the sound of running water or flushing the perineum with warm water to induce urination.

5. Massage and hot compress: Massage and hot compress the patient's lower abdomen can relieve muscle tension and promote urination.

6. Medication or acupuncture: Intramuscular injection of carbacholide according to doctor's instructions. Acupuncture treatment is used, such as needling the Zhongji, Qugu, Sanyinjiao points to stimulate urination.

7. Health education: guide patients to develop the habit of timely and regular urination, and teach patients the correct way to relax themselves.

8. If the above measures are ineffective, catheterization may be performed according to the doctor's advice.