What is the best way to treat hydronephrosis?

The kidneys can be said to be the most important urinary system organs in the human body, because the kidneys are responsible for filtering harmful components in the blood and body fluids, excreting and isolating them from the body in a timely manner, so that the inside of the body always remains healthy and clean. However, when the kidneys are overloaded, symptoms are likely to appear, leading to decreased kidney function and ultimately causing serious consequences for the body. For example, hydronephrosis is a common symptom that has a significant impact on the patient's mobility and agility, and requires immediate treatment to prevent the disease from worsening. Let’s take a look at how to treat hydronephrosis.

The obstruction of the urinary system causes the renal pelvis and calyces to dilate, with urine retention, which is collectively called hydronephrosis. Because urine accumulates in the kidneys, the pressure increases, causing the renal pelvis and calyces to enlarge and the renal parenchyma to atrophy. If the retained urine becomes infected, it is called infectious hydronephrosis; when the renal tissue dies and loses its function due to infection and the renal pelvis is filled with pus, it is called pyonephrosis or pyonephrosis. The main cause of hydronephrosis is ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

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Surgical treatment of hydronephrosis should be performed early. Reasonable application of plastic surgery can correct abnormalities of the ureteropelvic junction and strive for a greater recovery of renal function. If the hydronephrosis is severe and the renal function is severely damaged, but the contralateral kidney is normal, hydronephrectomy can be performed.

The principle of surgery is to perform simple corrective surgery when the obstruction is mild and the renal pelvis and calyx dilatation is not serious; if the dilatation is obvious, the narrow segment of the disease and the over-dilated renal pelvis should be removed, and then anastomosis should be performed; if the condition is more serious, nephrectomy should be performed.

The treatment of bilateral hydronephrosis should be more cautious, and every effort should be made to preserve the kidneys. There are generally several situations:

1. Severe hydronephrosis on one side

One side is less severe: the severe side can be treated first. This can prevent renal insufficiency and increase safety for contralateral surgery after a successful operation. For the milder side, the surgical indications should be carefully determined and close observation should be performed if necessary.

2. Severe hydronephrosis on both sides

It can be treated in stages, but it is still better to treat the more serious side first.

3. Mild hydronephrosis on both sides

Careful analysis is required to determine the indications for surgery.