Causes of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis

Arteriovenous fistula thrombosis is also a type of thrombosis. There are many reasons for the formation of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis. At this time, it should be treated in time. The more common method is arteriovenous surgery. In addition, hemodialysis treatment is also a common method. For patients, it is necessary to carry out treatment in time and strengthen daily conditioning and care to avoid greater harm to health.

Causes of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis 1. Early symptoms of fistula thrombosis include pain in the fistula blood vessel, weakened pulsation, tremor and murmur when touched, dark red blood when drawn, and insufficient blood flow means partial blockage of the fistula blood vessel. When the blood vessel is completely blocked, the pulsation, tremor and murmur disappear completely. 2. Early causes of thrombosis include poor conditions of the selected blood vessels, such as too thin veins, phlebitis, arteriosclerosis, diabetic vascular disease, surgical technical factors, rough movements during surgery, damage to the vascular endothelium, poor arteriovenous alignment during anastomosis, twisted blood vessels at angles, postoperative bleeding, suture and replenishment, hypercoagulable state, failure to use anticoagulants in time after surgery or insufficient dosage. The patient is dehydrated, has low blood pressure, low blood volume, and slow blood flow. Continuous hypotension for 3-5 times after dialysis, each time ≥1.5 hours, high apolipoprotein and hypertriglyceridemia are important for the occurrence of vascular access thrombosis

Preventive care to prevent thrombosis: Do not bear weight on the operated limb of the internal fistula, do not put pressure on the operated limb when sleeping, you can put a soft pillow on the operated limb to promote venous blood flow to reduce swelling, pay attention to the protection of the operated limb of the internal fistula, avoid collision and injury, keep sleeves loose, avoid wearing accessories on the operated limb, do not measure blood pressure on the operated limb of the internal fistula, do not undergo any intravenous treatment or blood drawing, monitor blood pressure daily, take antihypertensive drugs on time, prevent hypertension and hypotension, keep the operated limb of the internal fistula clean, clean the local area every day to prevent infection, insist on doing fistula exercises every day, self-monitor the internal fistula anastomosis for tremors and auscultate vascular murmurs. Nursing after thrombolysis: maintenance of intravenous fistula. All patients in this group developed subcutaneous hemorrhage at the puncture site after thrombolysis. They were given hot compresses with 50% magnesium sulfate solution 1 to 2 times a day, and the subcutaneous hemorrhage was absorbed within 3 to 5 days. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of thrombosis, the puncture should be planned and the arterial puncture point should be at least 3 cm away from the anastomosis to avoid repeated puncture at a fixed point causing local hemangioma. After dialysis, the puncture point should be compressed for 5 to 20 minutes with moderate pressure. Correctly set dry weight. Through health education, patients can improve their self-care ability, control weight gain between dialysis sessions, and avoid excessive ultrafiltration, as excessive ultrafiltration increases blood viscosity, lowers blood pressure, and reduces blood flow at the anastomosis. It can cause thrombosis at the fistula anastomosis. Instruct patients and their families to auscultate the fistula murmur and palpate the tremor 1 to 2 times a day. If the murmur or tremor is weakened or disappears, indicating thrombosis, the patient should go to the hospital immediately to avoid delaying the best time for thrombolytic therapy. The generally recommended time is within 6 hours, and the treatment time should not exceed 24 hours.