Candida albicans oral symptoms

Oral Candida albicans is also known as oral candidiasis, which is mainly an oral disease caused by Candida infection. Candida is distributed in the human mouth, vagina, and digestive tract, but generally does not cause disease. Only under certain conditions will Candida cause infection and lead to disease. Oral diseases are generally very harmful, so the oral symptoms of Candida albicans have become a focus of patients' attention.

Oral candidiasis is an oral mucosal disease caused by fungus infection -- Candida spp. In recent years, due to the widespread clinical use of antibiotics and immunosuppressants, dysbacteriosis or reduced immunity has occurred, resulting in an increasing number of people with fungal infections of the internal organs, skin, and mucous membranes, and the incidence of oral mucosal candidiasis has also increased accordingly. Gruby (1842) isolated yeast-like fungi from the lesions of patients with oral ulcers, and Berkhont (1923) confirmed that this fungus belonged to the Cryptococcal family, including Candida albicans, Candida solani, and Candida pseudotropicalis. Among them, Candida albicans is the most important pathogen. Oral thrush is the most common oral candidiasis.

The most reliable laboratory diagnostic method for candidiasis is currently the formation of thick-walled spores on corn culture medium, while the simplest method is direct microscopic examination of specimens. Dentists often take specimens of pseudomembranes, desquamated epithelium, scabs, etc. of the oral mucosa, place them on a slide, add a few drops of 10% potassium hydroxide solution, cover with a cover slip, heat over a low flame to dissolve the keratin, and then immediately perform a microscopic examination. If pseudohyphae or spores are found, it can be confirmed as a fungal infection, but it must be cultured to be confirmed as Candida albicans. Acute pseudomembranous Candidal stomatitis should be differentiated from acute coccal stomatitis (membranous stomatitis). Membranous stomatitis is caused by infection with cocci such as Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic Streptococcus, and Pneumococcus. It is common in children and the elderly and can occur in any part of the oral mucosa. The affected area is obviously congested and edematous, and a large amount of fibrinogen exudes from the blood vessels, coagulating into a grayish white or grayish yellow pseudomembrane with a smooth and dense surface that is slightly higher than the mucosal surface. The pseudomembrane can be easily wiped off, leaving behind an eroded surface with bleeding. Regional lymphadenopathy may be accompanied by systemic reactions. Smear examination or bacterial culture can identify the main pathogens.

The differential diagnosis should be differentiated from acute coccal stomatitis (membranous stomatitis). Membranous stomatitis is caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Hemolytic Streptococcus. Caused by coccal infection such as Pneumococcus. Children and the elderly are more susceptible. It can occur in any part of the oral mucosa. The affected area is obviously congested and edematous. A large amount of fibrinogen leaks out from the blood vessels. It condenses into a grayish white or grayish yellow pseudomembrane. The surface is smooth and dense. Slightly above the mucosal surface. The pseudomembrane can be easily wiped off. There is erosion and bleeding left behind. Regional lymphadenopathy. May be accompanied by systemic reactions. Smear examination or bacterial culture can identify the main pathogens. Relief methods: 1. Avoid cross infection in the delivery room. During delivery, pay attention to the disinfection of the perineum, birth canal, the hands of the midwife and all delivery equipment. 2. Wipe the baby's mouth frequently with warm water, boil and disinfect feeding utensils, and keep them dry. Before breastfeeding, it is best to clean the mother's nipples with 1/5000 chlorhexidine hydrochloride solution and then wipe them clean with cold boiled water. 3. Children should protect their lips from dryness and cracking in winter, and correct the bad habit of licking their lips and sucking their tongues. 4. Patients who use antibiotics and immunosuppressants for a long time, or patients with chronic wasting diseases, should be alert to the occurrence of Candida albicans infection, especially the occurrence of deep (visceral) Candida albicans complications that are easily overlooked.